Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, Milan, Italy.
Dig Liver Dis. 2012 Jun;44(6):461-5. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2011.12.022. Epub 2012 Jan 28.
Specific bacterial infections or alterations of the gut microbiota likely trigger immuno-pathological phenomena associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is a candidate etiological agent of Crohn's disease. Definitive causal connection between Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and Crohn's disease has not been demonstrated.
To determine the circulation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease patients and water supplies in an Italian region where this bacterium is endemic in cattle farms.
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis screening was performed on biopsies from human patients, and from water samples, using two different PCR procedures.
In hospitals where multiple specimens were obtained from different sites in the intestine, the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection was 82.1% and 40% respectively in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients; in another hospital, where single specimens were obtained from patients, the bacterium was not detected. Control subjects also harboured Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, but at a lower prevalence. Tap water samples collected in the study area contained Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis DNA.
The results of screenings for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in humans are deeply influenced by both the number and location of the collected biopsies. There is a wide circulation of the organism in the study area, considering the prevalence in humans and its presence in drinking water.
特定的细菌感染或肠道微生物群的改变可能引发与克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎相关的免疫病理现象。分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌是克罗恩病的候选病因。分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌感染与克罗恩病之间尚未确定明确的因果关系。
确定分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌在意大利一个该细菌在牛场流行的地区的克罗恩病患者和供水系统中的循环情况。
使用两种不同的 PCR 程序对来自人类患者和水样的分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌进行筛查。
在从肠道不同部位采集多个标本的医院中，克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎患者分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌感染的患病率分别为 82.1%和 40%；在另一家仅从患者采集单个标本的医院中未检测到该细菌。对照者也携带分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌，但患病率较低。研究区域采集的自来水样中含有分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌 DNA。
对人类分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌的筛查结果受到采集活检标本的数量和位置的深刻影响。考虑到该地区的人类患病率及其在饮用水中的存在，该生物体的传播范围很广。
