Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Hum Immunol. 2012 Apr;73(4):328-34. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.12.011. Epub 2012 Jan 14.
Thymus-derived, naturally occurring CD4(+) Forkhead Box P3(+) regulatory T cells (nTreg) have suppressive activity that is important for the establishment and maintenance of immune homeostasis in the healthy state. Abundant reports have demonstrated that they can suppress pathogenic processes in autoimmune diseases and inhibit transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Far less is known about induced regulatory T cells (iTreg) that are generated from naive T cells in the periphery or in vitro by directing naive T cells to acquire suppressive function under the influence of transforming growth factor-β and other factors. In this review, we describe mechanisms by which naive T cells are thought to be converted into iTreg. We also discuss the suppressive potential of iTreg, particularly in comparison with their naturally occurring counterparts, focusing on those reports in which direct comparisons have been made. Based on current knowledge, we consider the rationale for using iTreg versus nTreg in clinical trials.
胸腺来源的、天然存在的 CD4(+) 叉头框 P3(+) 调节性 T 细胞（nTreg）具有抑制活性，对于健康状态下的免疫稳态的建立和维持非常重要。大量报道表明，它们可以抑制自身免疫性疾病中的致病性过程，并抑制移植排斥和移植物抗宿主病。关于通过在外周或体外将幼稚 T 细胞定向为在转化生长因子-β和其他因子的影响下获得抑制功能而从幼稚 T 细胞产生的诱导性调节性 T 细胞（iTreg），人们了解得要少得多。在这篇综述中，我们描述了认为幼稚 T 细胞转化为 iTreg 的机制。我们还讨论了 iTreg 的抑制潜力，特别是与天然存在的调节性 T 细胞相比，重点关注那些已经进行了直接比较的报告。基于目前的知识，我们考虑在临床试验中使用 iTreg 与 nTreg 的合理性。
