College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Prev Med. 2012 May;54 Suppl:S50-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Aging is characterized by reduced tissue and organ function, regenerative capacity, and accompanied by a decrease in tissue resident stem cell numbers and a loss of potency. The impact of aging on stem cell populations differs between tissues and depends on a number of non cell-intrinsic factors, including systemic changes associated with immune system alterations, as well as senescence related changes of the local cytoarchitecture. The latter has been studied in the context of environmental niche properties required for stem cell maintenance. Here, we will discuss the impact of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on stem cell maintenance, its changes during aging and its significance for stem cell therapy. We provide an overview on ECM components and examples of age associated remodeling of the cytoarchitecture. The interaction of stem cells with the ECM will be described and the importance of an intact and hospitable ECM for stem cell maintenance, differentiation and stem cell initiated tissue repair outlined. It is concluded that a remodeled ECM due to age related inflammation, fibrosis or oxidative stress provides an inadequate environment for endogenous regeneration or stem cell therapies. Means to provide adequate ECM for stem cell therapies and endogenous regeneration and the potential of antioxidants to prevent ECM damage and promote its repair and subsequently support regeneration are discussed.
衰老是指组织和器官功能、再生能力的下降，同时伴随着组织内驻留干细胞数量的减少和功能丧失。衰老对干细胞群体的影响因组织而异，并取决于许多非细胞内在因素，包括与免疫系统改变相关的全身变化，以及局部细胞结构的衰老相关变化。后者已在维持干细胞所需的环境生态位特性的背景下进行了研究。在这里，我们将讨论细胞外基质 (ECM) 对干细胞维持的影响、衰老过程中的变化及其对干细胞治疗的意义。我们概述了 ECM 成分和与年龄相关的细胞结构重塑的示例。将描述干细胞与 ECM 的相互作用，并概述完整且适宜的 ECM 对于干细胞维持、分化和干细胞启动的组织修复的重要性。结论是，由于年龄相关的炎症、纤维化或氧化应激导致的重塑 ECM 为内源性再生或干细胞治疗提供了不合适的环境。讨论了为干细胞治疗和内源性再生提供足够 ECM 的方法，以及抗氧化剂预防 ECM 损伤、促进其修复并随后支持再生的潜力。
