Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2013 Feb;39(1):3-11. doi: 10.1007/s10695-012-9606-4.
Although the use of germ cell transplantation has been relatively well established in mammals, the technique has only been adapted for use in fish after entering the 2000s. During the last decade, several different approaches have been developed for germ cell transplantation in fish using recipients of various ages and life stages, such as blastula-stage embryos, newly hatched larvae and sexually mature specimens. As germ cells can develop into live organisms through maturation and fertilization processes, germ cell transplantation in fish has opened up new avenues of research in reproductive biotechnology and aquaculture. For instance, the use of xenotransplantation in fish has lead to advances in the conservation of endangered species and the production of commercially valuable fish using surrogated recipients. Further, this could also facilitate the engineering of transgenic fish. However, as is the case with mammals, knowledge regarding the basic biology and physiology of germline stem cells in fish remains incomplete, imposing a considerable limitation on the application of germ cell transplantation in fish. Furthering our understanding of germline stem cells would contribute significantly to advances regarding germ cell transplantation in fish.
虽然生殖细胞移植在哺乳动物中已经得到了相对较好的确立，但直到 21 世纪才被应用于鱼类。在过去的十年中，已经开发出了几种不同的方法来使用不同年龄和生命阶段的受体进行鱼类的生殖细胞移植，例如囊胚期胚胎、刚孵化的幼虫和性成熟的标本。由于生殖细胞可以通过成熟和受精过程发育成活体生物，因此鱼类的生殖细胞移植为生殖生物技术和水产养殖开辟了新的研究途径。例如，鱼类的异种移植已经推动了濒危物种的保护以及使用代孕受体生产具有商业价值的鱼类的发展。此外，这也可能促进转基因鱼的工程化。然而，与哺乳动物一样，鱼类生殖系干细胞的基础生物学和生理学知识仍然不完整，这对鱼类生殖细胞移植的应用构成了相当大的限制。进一步了解生殖系干细胞将对鱼类生殖细胞移植的进展做出重大贡献。
