Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Donghua University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Aug;19(7):2690-6. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-0763-x.
Feathers are one of the most abundant bioresources. They are discarded as waste in most cases and could cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, keratin constituted by amino acids is the main component of feathers. In this article, we reported on biorefined feathers and integrants and application of degraded products.
The fermentation of whole chicken feathers with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DHHJ in a scale-up of a 5-L bioreactor was investigated in this article. The fermentation process was controlled at 0.08 MPa pressure, 2.5 L/min airflow, and 300 rpm as 100% oxygen saturation level, 40°C, and pH 7.8.
Feathers were almost completely degraded in the tested fermentation reaction with the following conditions: 80 g of whole feathers in 3 L fermentation broth for 72 h, seed age of 16 h, 100 mL inoculation amount, and 50% oxygen saturation level. The degraded products contain 397.1 mg/L soluble protein that has mass weight ranging from 10 to 160 kD, 336.9 mg/L amino acids, and many kinds of metal ions. The fermentation broth was evaluated as leaf fertilizer and found to increase plant growth to 82% or 66% for two- or fourfold dilutions, respectively. In addition, in a hair care assay, the broth showed a hair protective function by increasing weight, flexibility, and strength of the treated hair.
The whole feathers were degraded completely by S. maltophilia DHHJ. The degraded product includes many factors to life, such as peptides, amino acids, and mineral elements. It could be applied as leaf fertilizer and hair care product.
羽毛是最丰富的生物资源之一。它们在大多数情况下被当作废物丢弃，可能会造成环境污染。另一方面，由氨基酸组成的角蛋白是羽毛的主要成分。本文报道了羽毛的生物炼制及其整合体和降解产物的应用。
本文研究了嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌 DHHJ 在 5-L 生物反应器中扩大规模发酵整只鸡羽毛的情况。发酵过程在 0.08 MPa 压力、2.5 L/min 空气流量和 300 rpm 条件下进行，以达到 100%氧气饱和度、40°C 和 pH 7.8。
在以下条件下，羽毛在测试的发酵反应中几乎完全降解：3 L 发酵液中加入 80 g 整只羽毛，发酵 72 h，种龄 16 h，接种量 100 mL，氧气饱和度为 50%。降解产物含有 397.1 mg/L 可溶性蛋白，分子量范围为 10 至 160 kD，336.9 mg/L 氨基酸和多种金属离子。发酵液被评估为叶面肥，发现稀释 2 倍和 4 倍后，分别可使植物生长增加 82%和 66%。此外，在头发护理试验中，该发酵液显示出头发保护功能，可增加处理后头发的重量、柔韧性和强度。
嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌 DHHJ 可完全降解整只羽毛。降解产物包含许多生命必需的因子，如肽、氨基酸和矿物质元素。它可作为叶面肥和头发护理产品应用。
