Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging , Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jul 11;60(27):6694-702. doi: 10.1021/jf2044795. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
Almonds are rich in monounsaturated fat, fiber, α-tocopherol, minerals such as magnesium and copper, and phytonutrients, albeit being energy-dense. The favorable fat composition and fiber contribute to the hypocholesterolemic benefit of almond consumption. By virtue of their unique nutrient composition, almonds are likely to benefit other modifiable cardiovascular and diabetes risks, such as body weight, glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This paper briefly reviews the nutrient composition and hypocholesterolemic benefits; the effects of almond consumption on body weight, glucose regulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, based on the data of clinical trials, will then be discussed. Although more studies are definitely warranted, the emerging evidence supports that almond consumption beneficially influences chronic degenerative disease risk beyond cholesterol reduction, particularly in populations with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
杏仁富含单不饱和脂肪、纤维、α-生育酚、镁和铜等矿物质以及植物营养素，尽管其能量密集。有利的脂肪成分和纤维有助于杏仁消费降低胆固醇的益处。由于其独特的营养成分，杏仁可能有益于其他可改变的心血管和糖尿病风险，如体重、葡萄糖稳态、炎症和氧化应激。本文简要回顾了营养成分和降胆固醇益处；然后将根据临床试验数据讨论杏仁消费对体重、葡萄糖调节、氧化应激和炎症的影响。尽管还需要更多的研究，但新出现的证据支持杏仁消费有益于降低胆固醇以外的慢性退行性疾病风险，特别是在代谢综合征和 2 型糖尿病患者中。
