Spence D P
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1990;38(3):579-603. doi: 10.1177/000306519003800303.
The rhetorical voice of psychoanalysis has a long history and has only recently come to be seen as a special feature of the theory. Its beginnings can be found in Freud's earliest pleadings for the usefulness of metaphor and analogy, although he felt that they were largely provisional and would eventually be replaced by more durable concepts. We have begun to see problems in replacing the central metaphors; the rhetorical base of psychoanalysis may be more enduring than we thought. While our metaphors may never provide epistemic access to the stuff of the mind, they can and do point to specific clinical encounters. Ways must be found to expand our rhetorical treasure chest and develop language even better suited to our concepts and observations.
精神分析的修辞性话语有着悠久的历史,直到最近才被视为该理论的一个显著特征。它的起源可以追溯到弗洛伊德最早为隐喻和类比的实用性进行的辩护,尽管他认为这些在很大程度上只是临时性的,最终会被更持久的概念所取代。我们已经开始看到在替换核心隐喻方面存在的问题;精神分析的修辞基础可能比我们想象的更具持久性。虽然我们的隐喻可能永远无法提供对心理内容的认知途径,但它们能够且确实指向了具体的临床遭遇。必须找到方法来扩充我们的修辞宝库,并发展出更适合我们的概念和观察的语言。