Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
J Environ Radioact. 2012 Dec;114:41-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.12.027. Epub 2012 Feb 1.
High-volume aerosol samples were collected at the Mt. Zeppelin Global Atmosphere Watch station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78°58'N, 11°53'E). The samples were analysed to find out if the radionuclide emissions from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in March 2011 could be detected also in the atmosphere of the High Arctic. Iodine-131 and (134)Cs and (137)Cs were observed from 25 March 2011 onwards. The maximum (131)I, (134)Cs and (137)Cs activity concentrations were 810 ± 20, 659 ± 13, and 675 ± 7 μBq/m(3), respectively. The comparison between the measured (131)I activity concentrations at Mt. Zeppelin and those calculated with the SILAM dispersion model revealed that the timing of plume movements could be rather well predicted with the model. The activity concentration levels between the measurements and the model calculations deviated. This can be due to the inaccuracies in the source term. The (134)Cs:(137)Cs activity ratio recorded in Svalbard was high compared to earlier incidents. The ratio was close to 1 which is in agreement with other studies of the Fukushima releases. This distinctive activity ratio in the Fukushima debris could be used as a tracer in Arctic radioecology studies if the activity concentrations are high enough to be detected.
高体积气溶胶样本在斯瓦尔巴群岛新奥尔松的 Zeppelin 全球大气观测站采集，该观测站的地理位置为北纬 78°58'，东经 11°53'。对这些样本进行了分析，以确定 2011 年 3 月福岛核电厂事故的放射性核素排放是否也能在北极地区的大气中检测到。自 2011 年 3 月 25 日以来，一直观测到碘-131、(134)Cs 和 (137)Cs。碘-131、(134)Cs 和 (137)Cs 的最大活度浓度分别为 810 ± 20、659 ± 13 和 675 ± 7 μBq/m3。将在 Zeppelin 山测量的 (131)I 活度浓度与 SILAM 弥散模型计算的结果进行比较，发现模型可以很好地预测羽流运动的时间。测量值和模型计算值之间的活度浓度水平存在差异。这可能是由于源项的不准确。与之前的事件相比，在斯瓦尔巴群岛记录的 (134)Cs:(137)Cs 活度比很高。该比值接近 1，这与福岛核泄漏的其他研究结果一致。如果福岛核废物体中的放射性活度足够高，可以被检测到，那么这种独特的放射性核素比值可以作为北极地区放射性生态学研究中的示踪剂。
