Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross-River State, Nigeria.
J Crit Care. 2012 Feb;27(1):105.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2011.11.011.
An intensive care unit (ICU) is for critically ill patients who are likely to benefit from the expertise care provided. The outcome is dependent on the available human and material resources. The University of Calabar Teaching Hospital is a 410-bed hospital. It has a 3-bed general ICU consisting of 2 adult and 1 pediatric beds. A retrospective analysis of all ICU admissions as well as the mortality rate during a 12-month period that spans April 2009 and March 2010 was done. The data were collected from the ICU admissions and nurses' report books. The data extracted were the patients ages, stratified to pediatric (0-18 years) and adult (>18 years); the source of admission, primary diagnosis, the duration of admission, and the patients who were ventilated were also noted. The outcome in terms of mortality was examined in relation to parameters stated above. Eighty-five patients were admitted during the 1-year period, with a bed occupancy rate of 23%. There were 11 (12.9%) pediatric patients and 74 (87.1%) adult patients. Sources of admissions were 64 (75.3%) patients from the operating room, 8 (9.4%) from the inpatient wards, and 13 (15.3%) from the accident and emergency department. Among the adult patients, there were 23 (31%) patients with trauma. There were 45 (61%) surgical patients and 6 (8%) medical patients. Sixteen (19%) patients were mechanically ventilated. The overall mortality was 28 (32.9%). Sixty-four percent of the mortality occurred during the first 24 hours of admission. A mortality rate of 83.3% was recorded among medical patients and 62.5% in those referred from the wards. In mechanically ventilated patients, the mortality rate was 62.5%. Ventilator malfunction, power failure, and oxygen exhaustion led to the unfavorable outcome in patients who were ventilated. In pediatric patients, the mortality rate was 45.5%. Early identification and referral of critically ill patients from the wards, availability of ventilator with battery backup, and maintenance of functioning equipment would reduce the high mortality rate recorded in the study.
重症监护病房（ICU）是为可能从专业护理中受益的危重病人而设。其结果取决于现有的人力和物力资源。卡拉巴尔大学教学医院是一家拥有 410 张床位的医院。它有一个 3 张病床的综合 ICU，包括 2 张成人床和 1 张儿科床。对 2009 年 4 月至 2010 年 3 月为期 12 个月的所有 ICU 入住患者和死亡率进行了回顾性分析。数据来自 ICU 入住患者和护士报告册。提取的数据是患者年龄，分为儿科（0-18 岁）和成人（>18 岁）；入院来源、主要诊断、住院时间以及接受通气的患者也被记录下来。根据上述参数检查了死亡率方面的结果。在 1 年期间，有 85 名患者入院，床位占用率为 23%。其中有 11 名（12.9%）儿科患者和 74 名（87.1%）成人患者。入院来源为手术室 64 名（75.3%）患者、住院病房 8 名（9.4%）和急诊室 13 名（15.3%）。在成人患者中，有 23 名（31%）为创伤患者。有 45 名（61%）为外科患者，6 名（8%）为内科患者。16 名（19%）患者接受机械通气。总死亡率为 28%（32.9%）。64%的死亡率发生在入院后的头 24 小时内。内科患者的死亡率为 83.3%，病房转来的患者死亡率为 62.5%。机械通气患者的死亡率为 62.5%。呼吸机故障、电源故障和氧气耗尽导致接受通气的患者预后不良。儿科患者的死亡率为 45.5%。从病房早期识别和转介危重病人，提供带有电池备份的呼吸机，并保持设备正常运行，将降低研究中记录的高死亡率。
