Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012 Feb 3;9:8. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-8.
Dietary fibers have been proposed to play a role in cardiovascular risk as well as body weight management. Flaxseeds are a good source of dietary fibers, and a large proportion of these are water-soluble viscous fibers.
Here, we examine the effect of flaxseed dietary fibers in different food matrices on blood lipids and fecal excretion of fat and energy in a double-blind randomized crossover study with 17 subjects. Three different 7-d diets were tested: a low-fiber control diet (Control), a diet with flaxseed fiber drink (3/day) (Flax drink), and a diet with flaxseed fiber bread (3/day) (Flax bread). Total fat and energy excretion was measured in feces, blood samples were collected before and after each period, and appetite sensation registered 3 times daily before main meals.
Compared to control, Flax drink lowered fasting total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol by 12 and 15%, respectively, (p < 0.01), whereas Flax bread only produced a reduction of 7 and 9%, respectively (p < 0.05). Fecal fat and energy excretion increased by 50 and 23% with Flax drink consumption compared to control (p < 0.05), but only fecal fat excretion was increased with Flax bread compared to control (p < 0.05).
Both Flax drink and Flax bread resulted in decreased plasma total and LDL-cholesterol and increased fat excretion, but the food matrix and/or processing may be of importance. Viscous flaxseed dietary fibers may be a useful tool for lowering blood cholesterol and potentially play a role in energy balance.
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00953004.
膳食纤维被认为在心血管风险以及体重管理中发挥作用。亚麻籽是膳食纤维的良好来源，其中很大一部分是水溶性粘性纤维。
在这里，我们在一项有 17 名受试者参与的双盲随机交叉研究中，研究了不同食物基质中的亚麻籽膳食纤维对血脂和粪便中脂肪及能量排泄的影响。测试了三种不同的 7 天饮食：低纤维对照饮食（对照）、含亚麻籽纤维饮料（每天 3 次）的饮食（亚麻饮料）和含亚麻籽纤维面包（每天 3 次）的饮食（亚麻面包）。粪便中测量总脂肪和能量排泄，在每个周期前后采集血样，并在主餐前每日 3 次记录食欲感觉。
与对照相比，亚麻饮料分别降低了 12%和 15%的空腹总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇（p<0.01），而亚麻面包仅分别降低了 7%和 9%（p<0.05）。与对照相比，亚麻饮料摄入使粪便脂肪和能量排泄分别增加了 50%和 23%（p<0.05），但与对照相比，仅亚麻面包增加了粪便脂肪排泄（p<0.05）。
亚麻饮料和亚麻面包都降低了血浆总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇，增加了脂肪排泄，但食物基质和/或加工可能很重要。粘性亚麻籽膳食纤维可能是降低血液胆固醇的有用工具，并可能在能量平衡中发挥作用。
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT00953004。
