Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 16;13(1):13312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-40378-0.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a diet containing extruded flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) on the fatty acid composition of the loin, blood lipid parameters, and the redox status of tissues of finishing pigs. A total of 160 weaners (about 30-110 kg BW) were assigned to four experimental groups of 40 animals each (5 replicates with 8 individuals each). Group C (control) received a diet in which the fat source was soybean oil, while in groups 2FE, 4FE and 6FE soybean meal was replaced with extruded flaxseed in the amount of 2%, 4% or 6%, respectively. The diet containing extruded flaxseed reduced cholesterol levels in the blood plasma of pigs (grower 2FE and 6FE vs. C; finisher 2FE, 4FE and 6FE vs. C) and loin muscle (2FE, 4FE and 6FE vs. C). A decrease in the atherogenic LDL-C fraction and in the content of triacylglycerols was also noted in the blood plasma of grower and finisher pigs receiving flaxseed (2FE, 4FE and 6FE vs. C). The beneficial effects noted in the experimental pigs also included an increase in the overall content of n-3 PUFAs, especially ALA (18:3 n-3), and a reduction in the n-6/n-3 ratio. This was especially evident at 4% and 6% inclusion of flaxseed. The highest proportion of flax (6%) in the blend increased lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by the increase in the content of LOOH and MDA in the blood plasma of grower and finisher pigs. For this reason, a 4% share of flaxseed in the diet of fattening pigs seems to be optimal, while higher levels require an additional supply of exogenous antioxidants.
本研究旨在评估日粮中添加膨化亚麻籽（Linum usitatissimum L.）对育肥猪腰肉脂肪酸组成、血脂参数和组织氧化还原状态的影响。共选用 160 头断奶仔猪（体重约 30-110kg），随机分为 4 个实验组，每组 40 头（每个实验组 5 个重复，每个重复 8 头）。C 组（对照组）日粮中脂肪来源为大豆油，而 2FE、4FE 和 6FE 组日粮中分别用 2%、4%和 6%膨化亚麻籽替代豆粕。与对照组相比，日粮中添加膨化亚麻籽降低了育肥猪血浆胆固醇水平（生长猪 2FE 和 6FE 组与 C 组相比；育肥猪 2FE、4FE 和 6FE 组与 C 组相比）和腰肉胆固醇水平（2FE、4FE 和 6FE 组与 C 组相比）。血浆中 LDL-C 致动脉粥样硬化部分和三酰甘油含量也有所降低，且在添加亚麻籽的生长猪和育肥猪中更为明显（2FE、4FE 和 6FE 组与 C 组相比）。实验猪还表现出有益的效果，包括 n-3 PUFA 总量增加，尤其是 ALA（18:3 n-3）增加，n-6/n-3 比值降低。在添加 4%和 6%亚麻籽时尤为明显。在日粮中添加 6%的亚麻籽比例最高，导致脂质过氧化增加，表现为生长猪和育肥猪血浆中 LOOH 和 MDA 含量增加。因此，日粮中添加 4%的亚麻籽似乎是育肥猪的最佳比例，而更高的水平需要额外补充外源性抗氧化剂。
