Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Med Hypotheses. 2012 Apr;78(4):523-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.01.024. Epub 2012 Feb 10.
Low intensity exercise with blood flow restriction has been shown to increase muscle hypertrophy and strength similar to high intensity resistance exercise. Interestingly, low intensity resistance exercise to failure has shown the same muscle protein synthesis response as higher intensity exercise, questioning the need for blood flow restriction during low intensity exercise. The purpose of this manuscript is to discuss the mechanisms and potential benefits of blood flow restricted exercise on bone adaptation and provide rationale as to why low load resistance exercise to failure would be unlikely to produce these benefits. The studies completed thus far support the hypothesis that training with blood flow restriction may provide not only a novel modality to induce adaptation in muscle but also bone, which was previously thought to only occur with higher intensity/impact exercise. We hypothesize that the main mechanism behind the proposed favorable bone responses observed thus far is through increased intramedullary pressure and interstitial fluid flow within the bone caused by venous occlusion. Therefore, although similar muscular benefits may be observed from low intensity exercise performed to failure (e.g. strength, hypertrophy, and endurance), the response of bone might be different, highlighting the potential importance of the blood flow restriction stimulus.
低强度运动结合血流限制已被证明可以增加肌肉肥大和力量，与高强度抗阻运动相似。有趣的是，低强度力竭运动显示出与更高强度运动相同的肌肉蛋白合成反应，这使得人们质疑在低强度运动中是否需要血流限制。本文的目的是讨论血流限制运动对骨骼适应的机制和潜在益处，并提供为什么低负荷力竭运动不太可能产生这些益处的理由。迄今为止完成的研究支持这样一种假设，即血流限制训练不仅可以为肌肉适应提供一种新的方式，而且还可以为骨骼适应提供一种新的方式，而以前人们认为骨骼适应只能通过高强度/冲击运动来实现。我们假设，迄今为止观察到的有利骨骼反应的主要机制是通过静脉阻塞引起的骨髓内压和骨内间质液流的增加。因此，尽管低强度力竭运动可能具有相似的肌肉益处（例如力量、肥大和耐力），但骨骼的反应可能不同，这突出了血流限制刺激的潜在重要性。
