European Medical Association, Brussels, Belgium.
Diabetes Metab. 2012 Jan;38 Suppl 1:S9-14. doi: 10.1016/S1262-3636(12)70976-X.
With the June 2010 publication of EU Council Directive 2010/32/EU scrutiny is now being focused on the safety and protection of diabetes nurses.
We used a questionnaire to study the frequency and risks of Needlestick Injuries (NSI) associated with diabetic injections in European hospitals. 634 nurses participated from 13 western European countries and Russia.
When patients with diabetes who self-inject at home are hospitalized injections are given always by the staff in 31% of cases, by the patients themselves where possible in 33%, initially by staff, then the patient takes over in 12% and both staff and patient throughout the stay in 21%. 86% of nurses said their hospitals had a written policy on the prevention of NSI but, where it was available, only 56% were familiar with it. 67% of the nurses had not attended any training on the prevention of NSI and only 13% had attended one in the last year. 7.1% of nurses report recapping needles and 5.9% report storing unprotected needles temporarily on a tray, trolley or cart. 32% of nurses report suffering a NSI while giving a diabetic injection at some point in the past. 29.5% of NSI occurred while recapping a used needle. 57% of nurses unscrew pen needles using their own fingers. In 80% cases the source patient's identity was known and the sharp item was "contaminated" (known previous percutaneous exposure to patient) in almost half the cases (43%). NSIs were reported to the proper authorities in only 2/3 of cases.
Our study shows that frequent NSI occur in European nurses treating people with diabetes in hospital settings. These injuries are a source of possible infection despite the small size of diabetes needles. The introduction of safety-engineered medical devices has been shown to reduce the risk of injury. A new European Directive that has now come into force specifically stipulates that wherever there is risk of sharps injury, the user and all healthcare workers must be protected by adequate safety precautions, including the use of "medical devices incorporating safety-engineered protection mechanisms".
随着 2010 年 6 月欧盟理事会指令 2010/32/EU 的发布，现在人们对糖尿病护士的安全和保护问题进行了审查。
我们使用问卷研究了与欧洲医院糖尿病患者注射相关的针刺伤（NSI）的频率和风险。来自 13 个西欧国家和俄罗斯的 634 名护士参与了调查。
当在家中自行注射的糖尿病患者住院时，在 31%的情况下，工作人员始终会为其进行注射，在 33%的情况下，尽可能由患者自己进行注射，在 12%的情况下，工作人员最初进行注射，然后由患者接管，在 21%的情况下，工作人员和患者在整个住院期间都进行注射。86%的护士表示，他们所在的医院有关于预防 NSI 的书面政策，但在有政策的情况下，只有 56%的护士熟悉该政策。67%的护士没有参加过任何关于预防 NSI 的培训，只有 13%的护士在过去一年参加过培训。7.1%的护士表示他们会重新套住针头，5.9%的护士表示他们会将未保护的针头临时存放在托盘、手推车或手推车上。32%的护士表示在过去某个时候给糖尿病患者注射时曾遭受过 NSI。29.5%的 NSI 发生在重新套住使用过的针头时。57%的护士使用自己的手指拧下笔型注射器的针头。在 80%的情况下，已知源患者的身份，且尖锐物品“被污染”（已知患者之前有过经皮暴露），在近一半的情况下（43%）。只有 2/3 的情况下向适当的当局报告了 NSI。
我们的研究表明，在欧洲，经常有护士在医院环境中治疗糖尿病患者时发生 NSI。尽管糖尿病针头很小，但这些伤害仍然是感染的潜在来源。已证明使用具有安全设计的医疗器械可以降低受伤风险。现已生效的一项新的欧洲指令特别规定，只要存在锐器伤害的风险，使用者和所有医护人员都必须通过适当的安全预防措施进行保护，包括使用“具有安全设计保护机制的医疗器械”。
