Li Fengxia, Ouyang Li, Liu Yaqiong, Zeng Jing, Yan Lailai, Wang Jingyu
School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2011 Nov;36(21):2994-3000.
This study attempts to test the total amount of 41 inorganic elements in traditional Chinese medicine materials (TCMM), to analyze to surpass the set standard of 5 toxic heavy metal elements and to explore possible method of modification.
By using microwave as digestion tool, ICP-MS and ICP-AES as detective instrument, 41 elements in 466 samples are tested. While the amount of elements Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Sr are determined by ICP-AES, the amount of the rest 32 elements are determined by ICP-MS. SPSS 16.0 is used as the statistical tool for data analysis.
Testing of reference material Astragalus showed that the measurements of each element are within the reference range, and except for element I, RSD of determination for each element is less than 10%, thus the accuracy and precision of the study method is confirmed. Using above mentioned instruments and methods, general information of elements in 466 TCMM are obtained.
The concentrations of each elements in TCMM varied a lot and are different among each TCMM. The over standard rate of 5 heavy metal elements are lower than previous results, however, the over standard rate is still descending in the order of Cd > Cu > Pb > As > Hg. The content of heavy metal elements in TCMM varies among different areas, especially, over standard of heavy metals are not detected in locality as Gansu, Qinghai, Shanxi, Xinjiang and Hainan provinces.
本研究旨在检测中药材中41种无机元素的总量，分析5种有毒重金属元素超标情况，并探索可能的改良方法。
以微波为消解工具，电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）为检测仪器，对466份样品中的41种元素进行检测。其中铝、钙、铁、钾、镁、锰、磷、硫、锶元素含量采用ICP-AES测定，其余32种元素含量采用ICP-MS测定。采用SPSS 16.0作为统计工具进行数据分析。
对黄芪标准物质检测表明各元素测定值均在参考范围内，除元素I外各元素测定相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于10%，证实了本研究方法的准确性和精密度。采用上述仪器和方法，获得了466种中药材中元素的概况。
中药材中各元素含量差异较大，不同中药材之间也不相同。5种重金属元素超标率低于以往结果，但超标率仍按镉>铜>铅>砷>汞的顺序递减。中药材中重金属元素含量因产地而异，特别是甘肃、青海、山西、新疆和海南等地未检测到重金属超标情况。
