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乳果糖：通过产生氢气成为缺血性中风的一种有效预防和治疗选择。

Lactulose: an effective preventive and therapeutic option for ischemic stroke by production of hydrogen.

作者信息

Chen Xiao, Zhai Xiao, Kang Zhimin, Sun Xuejun

机构信息

Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.

出版信息

Med Gas Res. 2012 Feb 6;2:3. doi: 10.1186/2045-9912-2-3.

DOI:10.1186/2045-9912-2-3
PMID:22309834
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3298790/
Abstract

Lactulose, a synthetic sugar not able to be digested and absorbed by human beings, is widely used to treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy clinically. Through fermentation by the bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, lactulose can produce considerable amount of hydrogen, which is protective for ischemic stroke as a unique antioxidant. We propose that lactulose can induce the production of endogenous hydrogen that in turn reduces oxidative stress and ameliorate the stroke damage in human beings.

摘要

乳果糖是一种人体无法消化吸收的合成糖，在临床上广泛用于治疗便秘和肝性脑病。通过胃肠道细菌发酵，乳果糖可产生大量氢气，作为一种独特的抗氧化剂，氢气对缺血性中风具有保护作用。我们提出，乳果糖可诱导内源性氢气的产生，进而减轻氧化应激并改善人类中风损伤。

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Lactulose: an effective preventive and therapeutic option for ischemic stroke by production of hydrogen.乳果糖：通过产生氢气成为缺血性中风的一种有效预防和治疗选择。
Med Gas Res. 2012 Feb 6;2:3. doi: 10.1186/2045-9912-2-3.
2
Lactulose: an indirect antioxidant ameliorating inflammatory bowel disease by increasing hydrogen production.乳果糖：一种间接抗氧化剂，通过增加氢气生成来改善炎症性肠病。
Med Hypotheses. 2011 Mar;76(3):325-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.09.026. Epub 2010 Oct 30.
3
[Lactulose fermentation and lactose absorption in Chilean patients with liver cirrhosis: importance for hepatic encephalopathy therapy].[智利肝硬化患者的乳果糖发酵及乳糖吸收：对肝性脑病治疗的重要性]
Rev Med Chil. 1993 May;121(5):489-93.
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Lactulose ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inducing hydrogen by activating Nrf2 expression.乳果糖通过激活 Nrf2 表达诱导氢气来减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤。
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[Lactulose and its derivatives--treatment of hepatic encephalopathy and other possible indications for its use].
Orv Hetil. 1993 Jun 27;134(26):1417-9.
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Effect of antibiotics, prebiotics and probiotics in treatment for hepatic encephalopathy.抗生素、益生元及益生菌在肝性脑病治疗中的作用
Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(1):64-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2004.07.029.
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Oral administration of lactulose: a novel therapy for acute carbon monoxide poisoning via increasing intestinal hydrogen production.
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Lactulose mediates suppression of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colon inflammation by increasing hydrogen production.乳果糖通过增加氢气生成来介导对葡聚糖硫酸钠诱导的结肠炎症的抑制作用。
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Ammonia production by intestinal bacteria: the effects of lactose, lactulose and glucose.肠道细菌产生氨：乳糖、乳果糖和葡萄糖的影响。
J Med Microbiol. 1980 May;13(2):177-91. doi: 10.1099/00222615-13-2-177.
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Lactulose accelerates liver regeneration in rats by inducing hydrogen.乳果糖通过诱导氢气来加速大鼠肝脏再生。
J Surg Res. 2015 May 1;195(1):128-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.01.034. Epub 2015 Jan 28.

引用本文的文献

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Treatment with hydrogen-rich water protects against thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats through stabilizing liver-brain disturbance.富氢水治疗通过稳定肝脑紊乱来预防硫代乙酰胺诱导的大鼠肝性脑病。
Sci Rep. 2025 May 23;15(1):17901. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02891-2.
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Oxidative Stress in Brain Function.大脑功能中的氧化应激
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Feb 28;14(3):297. doi: 10.3390/antiox14030297.
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Lactulose decreases neuronal activation and attenuates motor behavioral deficits in hyperammonemic rats.乳果糖可降低高氨血症大鼠的神经元激活，减轻其运动行为障碍。
Metab Brain Dis. 2017 Dec;32(6):2073-2083. doi: 10.1007/s11011-017-0098-x. Epub 2017 Sep 5.
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Predict drug permeability to blood-brain-barrier from clinical phenotypes: drug side effects and drug indications.从临床表型预测药物对血脑屏障的通透性：药物副作用和药物适应症。
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Lactulose enhances neuroplasticity to improve cognitive function in early hepatic encephalopathy.乳果糖可增强神经可塑性，以改善早期肝性脑病患者的认知功能。
Neural Regen Res. 2015 Sep;10(9):1457-62. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165516.
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Drinking hydrogen water and intermittent hydrogen gas exposure, but not lactulose or continuous hydrogen gas exposure, prevent 6-hydorxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease in rats.饮用氢水和间歇性暴露于氢气，而非乳果糖或持续性暴露于氢气，可预防6-羟基多巴胺诱导的大鼠帕金森病。
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本文引用的文献

1
Oxidative stress in ischaemic stroke.缺血性脑卒中的氧化应激。
Eur J Clin Invest. 2011 Dec;41(12):1318-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02546.x. Epub 2011 May 30.
2
The effect of hydrogen-rich saline on the brain of rats with transient ischemia.富氢生理盐水对短暂性脑缺血大鼠脑的影响。
J Surg Res. 2011 Jun 1;168(1):e95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.01.057. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
3
Hydrogen-rich saline reduces oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibit of JNK and NF-κB activation in a rat model of amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer's disease.富氢盐水通过抑制 JNK 和 NF-κB 的激活减轻氧化应激和炎症反应，在淀粉样β诱导的阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型中。
Neurosci Lett. 2011 Mar 17;491(2):127-32. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.01.022. Epub 2011 Jan 14.
4
Beneficial effects of hydrogen gas against spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits.氢气对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。
Brain Res. 2011 Mar 10;1378:125-36. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.071. Epub 2010 Dec 31.
5
Hydrogen is neuroprotective and preserves cerebrovascular reactivity in asphyxiated newborn pigs.氢气具有神经保护作用，并能维持窒息新生猪的脑血管反应性。
Pediatr Res. 2010 Nov;68(5):387-92. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181f2e81c.
6
Hydrogen-rich saline protects against spinal cord injury in rats.富氢盐水对大鼠脊髓损伤的保护作用。
Neurochem Res. 2010 Jul;35(7):1111-8. doi: 10.1007/s11064-010-0162-y. Epub 2010 Mar 31.
7
The effects of hydrogen-rich saline on the contractile and structural changes of intestine induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats.富氢生理盐水对大鼠肠缺血再灌注损伤所致收缩和结构变化的影响。
J Surg Res. 2011 May 15;167(2):316-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.07.045. Epub 2009 Aug 27.
8
Hydrogen in drinking water reduces dopaminergic neuronal loss in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease.饮水中的氢气可减少 1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶诱导的帕金森病小鼠模型中多巴胺能神经元的丢失。
PLoS One. 2009 Sep 30;4(9):e7247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007247.
9
Mitochondria, oxidative metabolism and cell death in stroke.线粒体、氧化代谢与中风中的细胞死亡
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Jan;1802(1):80-91. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2009.09.003. Epub 2009 Sep 12.
10
Hydrogen from intestinal bacteria is protective for Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis.来自肠道细菌的氢气对伴刀豆球蛋白A诱导的肝炎具有保护作用。
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Aug 21;386(2):316-21. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.024. Epub 2009 Jun 10.