Centre for Indigenous Peoples' Nutrition and Environment, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
J Nutr. 2012 Mar;142(3):541-7. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.149278. Epub 2012 Feb 8.
Indigenous peoples experience a disproportionate burden of food insecurity and the Arctic is no exception. We therefore evaluated the prevalence, socio-demographic, and dietary correlates of food insecurity in the most comprehensive assessment of food insecurity in Arctic Canada. A cross-sectional survey of 1901 Inuit households was conducted in 2007-2008. Measurements included food insecurity, 24-h dietary recalls, socio-demographics, and anthropometry. Food insecurity was identified in 62.6% of households (95% CI = 60.3-64.9%) with 27.2% (95% CI = 25.1-29.3%) of households severely food insecure. The percent with an elevated BMI, waist circumference, and percent body fat was lower among individuals from food insecure households compared to food secure households (P ≤ 0.001). Adults from food insecure households had a significantly lower Healthy Eating Index score and consumed fewer vegetables and fruit, grains, and dairy products, and consumed a greater percent of energy from high-sugar foods than adults from food secure households (P ≤ 0.05). Food insecurity was associated with household crowding, income support, public housing, single adult households, and having a home in need of major repairs (P ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of having an active hunter in the home was lower in food insecure compared to food secure households (P ≤ 0.05). Food insecurity prevalence is high in Inuit communities, with implications for diet quality that over the long-term would be anticipated to exacerbate the risk of diet-related chronic diseases. Actions are required to improve food security that incorporate the traditional food system and healthy market food choices.
原住民承受着不成比例的粮食不安全负担，北极地区也不例外。因此，我们评估了在加拿大北极地区对粮食不安全进行的最全面评估中，粮食不安全的流行率、社会人口统计学和饮食相关因素。2007-2008 年对 1901 户因纽特家庭进行了横断面调查。测量包括粮食不安全、24 小时膳食回忆、社会人口统计学和人体测量学。62.6%的家庭（95%置信区间为 60.3-64.9%）存在粮食不安全，其中 27.2%（95%置信区间为 25.1-29.3%）的家庭严重粮食不安全。与粮食安全家庭相比，粮食不安全家庭的个体超重 BMI、腰围和体脂百分比较低（P ≤ 0.001）。来自粮食不安全家庭的成年人的健康饮食指数评分显著较低，摄入的蔬菜和水果、谷物和奶制品较少，而来自粮食安全家庭的成年人摄入的高糖食品的能量百分比较高（P ≤ 0.05）。粮食不安全与家庭拥挤、收入支持、公共住房、单身成年人家庭以及房屋需要重大维修有关（P ≤ 0.05）。家中有活跃猎人的家庭在粮食不安全家庭中比粮食安全家庭的比例较低（P ≤ 0.05）。因纽特社区粮食不安全的流行率很高，这对饮食质量有影响，从长远来看，会加剧与饮食相关的慢性病的风险。需要采取行动改善粮食安全，将传统的粮食系统和健康的市场食品选择结合起来。
