Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Addict Behav. 2012 May;37(5):627-31. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.01.017. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Sensitivity to addiction-related cues, a type of attentional bias, may interfere with executive functions that are important in sustaining abstinence from drug abuse. Assessments of attentional bias in research participants who smoke cigarettes have used Smoking Stroop tasks, which are variations of emotional Stroop tasks in which the stimuli are smoking-related and neutral words.
We aimed to determine the effect of resumption of smoking by deprived cigarette smokers on attentional bias.
Testing occurred twice on each of two test days. One test day began after overnight abstinence (13-16h) and the other after <1h of abstinence. The participants (n=51) smoked a cigarette between the two test sessions on each test day.
Smokers exhibited attentional bias for smoking-related words and had longer response times after overnight abstinence than after brief abstinence. Cigarette smoking between sessions reduced response times on both test days with no interaction by stimulus type.
Smoking-related cues have distracting effects in smokers, and smoking reduces response latency, with no specific effect on attentional bias. The increase in response speed may contribute to a smoker's impression that abstinence hinders performance and that smoking reverses impairment.
对与成瘾相关的线索的敏感性，即注意力偏向的一种类型，可能会干扰在戒除药物滥用方面很重要的执行功能。对吸烟的研究参与者的注意力偏向评估使用了吸烟 Stroop 任务，这是情绪 Stroop 任务的变体，其中刺激物是与吸烟有关的和中性的词。
我们旨在确定被剥夺吸烟的吸烟者重新吸烟对注意力偏向的影响。
在每个测试日的两次测试中都进行了测试。一天的测试从一夜（13-16 小时）的禁欲后开始，另一天则在<1 小时的禁欲后开始。参与者（n=51）在每个测试日的两次测试之间吸烟。
吸烟者对与吸烟有关的词表现出注意力偏向，在一夜禁欲后比短暂禁欲后反应时间更长。在两次测试中，吸烟都缩短了反应时间，而刺激类型之间没有相互作用。
与吸烟有关的线索对吸烟者有分散注意力的影响，而吸烟则会降低反应潜伏期，对注意力偏向没有特定影响。反应速度的增加可能会使吸烟者产生一种印象，即禁欲会妨碍表现，而吸烟则可以逆转损害。
