UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2012 May;46(5):616-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.016. Epub 2012 Feb 11.
The objective of this study was to examine whether anxiety increases impulsivity among patients with bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Subjects comprised 205 BPD (mean age ± SD 36.6 ± 11.5 y; 29.3% males) and 105 with MDD (mean age ± SD 38 ± 13.1 y; 29.5% males) diagnosed using the DSM-IV-SCID. Impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsivity Scale and anxiety with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Comorbid anxiety disorders were present in 58.9% of the BPD and 29.1% of MDD. BPD were significantly more impulsive than MDD (p < 0.001), and both BPD and MDD subjects showed significantly higher impulsivity when anxiety was present either as a comorbidity (p = 0.010) or as a symptom (p = 0.011). Impulsivity rose more rapidly with increasing anxiety symptoms in MDD than in BPD. The presence of anxiety, either as a comorbid disorder or as current anxiety symptoms, is associated with higher impulsivity in subjects with either BPD or MDD.
这项研究的目的是检验焦虑是否会增加双相情感障碍（BPD）和重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的冲动性。研究对象包括 205 名 BPD（平均年龄 ± 标准差 36.6 ± 11.5 岁；29.3%为男性）和 105 名 MDD（平均年龄 ± 标准差 38 ± 13.1 岁；29.5%为男性）患者，这些患者均使用 DSM-IV-SCID 进行诊断。采用巴瑞特冲动量表评估冲动性，采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表评估焦虑。BPD 患者中合并焦虑障碍的比例为 58.9%，MDD 患者中合并焦虑障碍的比例为 29.1%。BPD 患者的冲动性明显高于 MDD 患者（p < 0.001），并且当焦虑作为合并症（p = 0.010）或作为症状（p = 0.011）存在时，BPD 和 MDD 患者的冲动性均显著更高。在 MDD 患者中，随着焦虑症状的增加，冲动性的上升速度比 BPD 患者更快。无论是作为合并症还是当前的焦虑症状，焦虑的存在与 BPD 或 MDD 患者的更高冲动性相关。
