Kogan Paul, Gessner Ryan C, Dayton Paul A
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina - North Carolina State University.
Bubble Sci Eng Technol. 2010 Jun;2(1):3-8. doi: 10.1179/175889610X12730566149100.
Since their introduction as ultrasound contrast agents, microbubbles have demonstrated the potential to revolutionise the use of ultrasound at the bedside. Aside from clinical application, where microbubbles are used to enhance ultrasonic assessment of myocardial perfusion, they have demonstrated potential in an exciting host of pre-clinical ultrasound imaging and therapeutic applications. These include the ability to target specific cellular markers of disease, provide dynamic blood flow estimation, deliver localised chemotherapy, potentiate the mechanisms of gene therapy, enhance lesion ablation through cavitation, and spatiotemporally permeabilise the blood-brain barrier. The unique and flexible construction of microbubbles not only enables a variety of ultrasound applications, but also opens the door to detection of microbubbles with modalities other than ultrasound. In this review, non-ultrasound imaging applications utilizing microbubbles are discussed, including MRI, PET, and DEI. These various imaging approaches illustrate novel applications of microbubbles, and may provide the groundwork for future multi-modality imaging or image-guided therapeutics.
自从作为超声造影剂被引入以来，微泡已展现出变革床边超声应用的潜力。除了临床应用（微泡用于增强心肌灌注的超声评估）之外，它们在众多令人兴奋的临床前超声成像和治疗应用中也展现出了潜力。这些应用包括靶向疾病的特定细胞标志物、提供动态血流估计、进行局部化疗、增强基因治疗机制、通过空化增强病灶消融以及在时空上使血脑屏障通透。微泡独特且灵活的结构不仅能实现多种超声应用，还为使用超声以外的方式检测微泡打开了大门。在这篇综述中，将讨论利用微泡的非超声成像应用，包括磁共振成像（MRI）、正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和数字增强成像（DEI）。这些不同的成像方法展示了微泡的新颖应用，并可能为未来的多模态成像或图像引导治疗奠定基础。
