Kempf C, Schulz B S, Strauch C, Sauter-Louis C, Truyen U, Hartmann K
Medizinische Kleintierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2010;38(2):79-86.
The study evaluated which viruses can be detected in dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea and compared signalment, clinical signs, and laboratory abnormalities among groups of dogs infected with different viruses and those that tested virus-negative.
Fecal samples from 935 dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea were examined by electron microscopy. The medical records of these patients were retrospectively evaluated for clinical and laboratory parameters.
Virus was detected in 44.2% of the dogs presented with acute bloody diarrhea. The highest prevalence for a virus infection was demonstrated for canine parvovirus (19.9%), followed by coronavirus (17.3%), and paramyxovirus (13.9%). More than one virus species was detected in 6.5% of all fecal samples. Dogs with a virus-positive fecal sample were significantly younger than dogs that tested negative on electron microscopy. Among virus-positive dogs, dogs with parvovirus infection were significantly younger when compared to dogs infected with other enteric viruses. Parvovirus-infected patients also showed significantly lower leukocyte and erythrocyte counts as well as hematocrit, total protein, and albumin levels compared to all other groups. No significant differences were seen when evaluating sex, clinical parameters, character of diarrhea or vomiting among all groups.
Young dogs are more likely to suffer from viral enteritis.
Based on clinical parameters it is not possible to differentiate a virus-positive from a virus-negative dog or to diagnose a certain virus species. Besides the young age, parvovirus infection is associated with typical changes in laboratory parameters, but not with specific clinical signs. A virologic fecal examination is always indicated.
本研究评估了患有急性出血性腹泻的犬只中可检测到哪些病毒，并比较了感染不同病毒的犬组与病毒检测呈阴性的犬组之间的品种特征、临床症状和实验室异常情况。
对935只患有急性出血性腹泻的犬只的粪便样本进行电子显微镜检查。对这些患者的病历进行回顾性评估，以获取临床和实验室参数。
在出现急性血性腹泻的犬只中，44.2%检测到病毒。犬细小病毒感染率最高（19.9%），其次是冠状病毒（17.3%）和副粘病毒（13.9%）。在所有粪便样本中，6.5%检测到不止一种病毒。粪便样本病毒检测呈阳性的犬只明显比电子显微镜检测呈阴性的犬只年轻。在病毒检测呈阳性的犬只中，感染细小病毒的犬只比感染其他肠道病毒的犬只明显年轻。与所有其他组相比，感染细小病毒的患者白细胞、红细胞计数以及血细胞比容、总蛋白和白蛋白水平也显著降低。在评估所有组的性别、临床参数、腹泻或呕吐特征时，未发现显著差异。
幼犬更容易患病毒性肠炎。
基于临床参数，无法区分病毒检测呈阳性和呈阴性的犬只，也无法诊断特定的病毒种类。除了年龄小之外，细小病毒感染与实验室参数的典型变化有关，但与特定的临床症状无关。始终需要进行病毒学粪便检查。
