University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing, USA.
Am J Nurs. 2012 Mar;112(3):46-57; quiz 59,58. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000412639.08764.21.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the United States, affecting as many as 24 million Americans and resulting in 1.5 million ED visits, 700,000 hospital admissions, and 124,000 deaths annually. This article, the first in a two-part series on COPD, outlines current guidelines and other evidence-based recommendations on diagnosing and managing stable COPD in the outpatient setting. Part 2 will appear in a future issue of AJN and will focus on managing acute exacerbations of COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是美国的第三大致死原因，影响着多达 2400 万的美国人，每年导致 150 万次急诊科就诊、70 万次住院和 12.4 万人死亡。本文是 COPD 系列文章的第 1 部分，概述了当前在门诊环境中诊断和管理稳定 COPD 的指南和其他基于证据的建议。第 2 部分将在未来的 AJN 中发表，重点关注 COPD 急性加重的管理。
