Wang Lin, Wang Li-jun, Cai Yue, Ma Lin-mao, Zhou Mai-geng
School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2011 Dec;45(12):1061-4.
To describe the status and characteristics of under-reporting of death cases within national disease surveillance system (DSPs).
Six villages (communities) were selected in each of the 161 counties of DSPs by multi-stage random cluster sampling methods, the information of resident from 2006 to 2008 was collected, and a survey of the under-reporting deaths cases was carried out which covered 6 422 667 people in all. The under-reporting rate was estimated by ages, genders and regions. The mortality was compared before and after the adjustment of the under-reporting rate.
The total crude rate of under-reporting of whole nation was 16.68% (6271/37 603), and after the adjustment by weight the rate was 17.44%; the under-reporting rate of urban areas was a bit lower than rural areas, which were 16.08% and 18.14% respectively (P < 0.01); the under-reporting rate of middle and west regions were higher than the east, which were 19.27%, 18.15% and 15.46% respectively (P < 0.01). The under-reporting rate of children of under-five years old was much higher than that of people of five and above-five years old, which were 34.95% and 16.90% respectively (P < 0.01). The gender difference was especially obvious in age group 0-4, for women 39.36% while 31.93% for men. After adjusted by under-reporting rate, the mortality rate of male raised from 6.38‰ to 7.74‰ and for female raised from 4.66‰ to 5.64‰. In the middle region, the mortality rate of male raised from 6.49‰ to 8.00‰ and for female raised from 4.59‰ to 5.73‰ after the adjustment. And the mortality rate of male in age group 0-4 raised from 2.48‰ to 3.64‰ and for female raised from 1.98‰ to 3.27‰. Of which in urban area, the mortality rate of male was much higher than female before the adjustment, which were 1.76‰ and 1.39‰ respectively; however, the mortality rate of male was a bit lower than female after the adjustment, which were 2.26‰ and 2.41‰ respectively. The mortality in male of five and above-five raised from 6.60‰ to 7.69‰ after the adjustment while in female raised from 4.80‰ to 5.77‰.
There are regional and age-group differences of the under-reporting rate of the National Disease Surveillance System. The gender differences mainly shows in age 0-4.
描述国家疾病监测系统（DSPs）中死亡病例漏报的现状及特征。
采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，在DSPs的161个县中各选取6个村（社区），收集2006年至2008年常住人口信息，开展死亡病例漏报调查，共覆盖6422667人。按年龄、性别和地区估算漏报率。比较漏报率调整前后的死亡率。
全国总粗漏报率为16.68%（6271/37603），加权调整后为17.44%；城区漏报率略低于农村地区，分别为16.08%和18.14%（P<0.01）；中西部地区漏报率高于东部地区，分别为19.27%、18.15%和15.46%（P<0.01）。5岁以下儿童漏报率远高于5岁及以上人群，分别为34.95%和16.90%（P<0.01）。性别差异在0-4岁年龄组尤为明显，女性为39.36%，男性为31.93%。经漏报率调整后，男性死亡率从6.38‰升至7.74‰，女性从4.66‰升至5.64‰。在中部地区，调整后男性死亡率从6.49‰升至8.00‰，女性从4.59‰升至5.73‰。0-4岁年龄组男性死亡率从2.48‰升至3.64‰，女性从1.98‰升至3.27‰。其中在城区，调整前男性死亡率远高于女性，分别为1.76‰和1.39‰；调整后男性死亡率略低于女性，分别为2.26‰和2.41‰。5岁及以上男性死亡率调整后从6.60‰升至7.69‰，女性从4.80‰升至5.77‰。
国家疾病监测系统漏报率存在地区和年龄组差异。性别差异主要表现在0-4岁。
