Sultana Rebeca, Rimi Nadia Ali, Azad Shamim, Islam M Saiful, Khan M Salah Uddin, Gurley Emily S, Nahar Nazmun, Luby Stephen P
Center for Communicable Diseases, ICCDR,B, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2012 Feb 13;6(2):156-65. doi: 10.3855/jidc.2242.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus (known as "bird flu") is an important public health concern due to its potential to infect humans and cause a human pandemic. Bangladesh is a high-risk country for an influenza pandemic because of its dense human population, widespread backyard poultry raising, and endemic H5N1 infection in poultry. Understanding poultry raisers' perceived risks and identifying their risk exposures can help to develop interventions to reduce the risk of avian influenza transmission. This paper explores the perception of Bangladeshi backyard poultry raisers regarding poultry sickness and zoonotic disease transmission and relevant practices.
We conducted a qualitative study using social mapping (n=2), in-depth interviews (n=40), household mapping (n=40) and observation (n=16), in two backyard poultry-raising communities.
The poultry raisers recognized various signs of poultry illness but they did not distinguish among diseases using biomedical classifications. They perceived disease transmission from poultry to poultry, but not from poultry to humans. They usually kept sick poultry under the bed. If the poultry did not recover, they were slaughtered and consumed or sold. The poultry raisers had close contact with sick birds while handling and slaughtering poultry.
The poultry raisers are unlikely to follow instructions from health authorities to prevent "bird flu" transmission because many of the instructions ask low-income producers to change their existing practices and require time, money, and financial loss. Villagers are more likely to comply with interventions that help to protect their flocks and address their financial interest.
高致病性禽流感（H5N1）病毒（即“禽流感”）因其有可能感染人类并引发全球大流行，而成为一个重要的公共卫生问题。孟加拉国是流感大流行的高风险国家，因其人口密集、庭院家禽养殖广泛以及家禽中存在H5N1地方性感染。了解家禽养殖者感知到的风险并确定他们的风险暴露情况，有助于制定干预措施以降低禽流感传播风险。本文探讨了孟加拉国庭院家禽养殖者对家禽疾病、人畜共患病传播及相关做法的认知。
我们在两个庭院家禽养殖社区开展了一项定性研究，采用了社会地图绘制（n = 2）、深入访谈（n = 40）、家庭地图绘制（n = 40）和观察（n = 16）等方法。
家禽养殖者认识到家禽疾病的各种症状，但他们未使用生物医学分类来区分疾病。他们察觉到疾病在家禽之间传播，但未意识到从家禽传播给人类。他们通常把生病的家禽放在床下。如果家禽没有康复，就会被宰杀、食用或出售。家禽养殖者在处理和宰杀家禽时与病禽有密切接触。
家禽养殖者不太可能遵循卫生当局预防“禽流感”传播的指示，因为许多指示要求低收入生产者改变他们现有的做法，而且需要时间、金钱和承受经济损失。村民更有可能遵守有助于保护其禽群并符合其经济利益的干预措施。
