Nakagomi T, Kassell N F, Hongo K, Sasaki T
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.
Neurosurgery. 1990 Oct;27(4):582-6. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199010000-00013.
Using a morphometric technique, the pharmacological reversibility of luminal narrowing after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was investigated. For vasodilation, a "cocktail" consisting of 10(-4) M papaverine, 2 x 10(-4) M sodium nitroprusside, and 10(-5) M adenosine was administered intra-arterially. Forty-two rabbits were divided into six groups: control (normal animals); control plus cocktail (normal animals perfused with the cocktail before fixation); SAH (animals sacrificed 48 hours subsequent to intracisternal injection of 1.5 ml/kg of arterial blood); SAH plus cocktail (SAH plus perfusion with the cocktail); BaCl2 (animals sacrificed 10 minutes after intracisternal injection of 2 ml of 3 x 10(-3) M BaCl2); and BaCl2 plus cocktail (BaCl2 animals perfused with the cocktail). The diameter of the basilar arteries in the control and the control plus cocktail groups was not significantly different. BaCl2 reduced the diameter 44% and SAH reduced the diameter 27%. There were no significant differences between the diameter of the BaCl2 plus cocktail group and SAH plus cocktail group when compared with the control or the control plus cocktail group. Morphological examination by light and transmission electron microscopy showed luminal narrowing and corrugation of the elastic lamina with few degenerative or proliferative changes of the vessel wall in animals with SAH. These results suggest that cerebral vasospasm is caused initially by smooth muscle contraction rather than by proliferative vasculopathy and that it is not an irreversible process.
采用形态测量技术，研究了实验性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）后管腔狭窄的药理学可逆性。为了实现血管舒张，经动脉给予一种由10(-4)M罂粟碱、2×10(-4)M硝普钠和10(-5)M腺苷组成的“混合剂”。42只兔子被分为六组：对照组（正常动物）；对照组加混合剂组（固定前用混合剂灌注的正常动物）；SAH组（脑池内注射1.5ml/kg动脉血后48小时处死的动物）；SAH加混合剂组（SAH加混合剂灌注）；BaCl2组（脑池内注射2ml 3×10(-3)M BaCl2后10分钟处死的动物）；以及BaCl2加混合剂组（用混合剂灌注的BaCl2动物）。对照组和对照组加混合剂组基底动脉的直径无显著差异。BaCl2使直径减小44%，SAH使直径减小27%。与对照组或对照组加混合剂组相比，BaCl2加混合剂组和SAH加混合剂组的直径无显著差异。光镜和透射电镜形态学检查显示，SAH动物的管腔狭窄、弹性膜呈波纹状，血管壁几乎没有退行性或增殖性变化。这些结果表明，脑血管痉挛最初是由平滑肌收缩引起的，而非增殖性血管病变，并且它不是一个不可逆的过程。
