Bavdekar Sandeep B
Department of Pediatrics, TN Medical College and BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, India.
Lung India. 2012 Jan;29(1):76-80. doi: 10.4103/0970-2113.92371.
Authorship is a highly sought attribute, as it is associated with recognition for creativity. In addition, it is associated with multiple benefits such as peer recognition, better evaluation and financial gains. These possibilities spur scientists to author articles, but some take recourse to unethical practice of honorary authorships. Another unethical practice is that of ghostwriting. It is a phenomenon wherein individuals who write the articles are not named as authors and are not even acknowledged to be associated with the manuscript. Reputed and renowned scientists, who have not participated in the conduct of the study or in the manuscript preparation, are enrolled by the industry to allow their names to be mentioned as authors. This phenomenon is harmful not only because it suppresses the contribution of ghost-authors but also because the guest "authors" bestow underserved credibility upon an "industry-written" paper. The readers have no way of knowing the bias that may have crept in. The journal editors, institution, and government agencies need to come together to ensure that these malpractices are curbed by employing various measures such as creating awareness amongst authors, academicians, and administrators; enunciating and implementing policies to dissuade unethical behavior, protecting whistle-blowers, and providing punishments to those indulging in malpractices. All of us should remember that if unchecked, these deviant behaviors have the potential to compromise the credibility of scientific research and scientific publications.
作者身份是一项备受追捧的特质,因为它与对创造力的认可相关联。此外,它还与多种益处相关,比如同行认可、更好的评价以及经济收益。这些可能性促使科学家撰写文章,但有些人却诉诸不道德的挂名作者行为。另一种不道德行为是代笔。这是一种现象,即撰写文章的个人未被列为作者,甚至未被承认与该稿件有关联。一些知名科学家,他们并未参与研究的开展或稿件的准备工作,却被行业招募,允许将他们的名字列为作者。这种现象有害,不仅是因为它压制了代笔作者的贡献,还因为客座“作者”赋予了一篇“行业撰写”的论文不应有的可信度。读者无从知晓可能已悄然出现的偏见。期刊编辑、机构和政府机构需要共同努力,通过采取各种措施来确保遏制这些不当行为,比如提高作者、学者和管理人员的意识;阐明并实施劝阻不道德行为的政策,保护举报人,并对那些从事不当行为的人进行惩罚。我们所有人都应牢记,如果不加以制止,这些越轨行为有可能损害科学研究和科学出版物的可信度。