Omidvar Shabnam, Begum Khyrunnisa
Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Department in Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2011 Jul;2(2):174-9. doi: 10.4103/0976-9668.92329.
Menstruation is a phenomenon unique to females and nearly universal experience in women's lives and is poorly understood. This study has been done to assess menstrual pattern and associated factors.
A total of 194 girl students aged 18 to 27 years were selected and asked to complete a questionnaire anonymously. Data regarding demographic features, menarche age, menstrual pattern, severity of dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms, and impact of menstrual pain on working ability were obtained. Source for information about menarche and menstruation the participants depend was also elicited.
Mean age of the subjects at menarche was 13.36 ± 1.25 years with a range being 10 to 17 years. Mean duration of menstrual flow was 4.77 ± 1.06 days. The most prevalent menstrual symptoms were tiredness (47.9%), backache (38.3%), and anger (34.5%). Prevalence of menstrual irregularity and dysmenorrhea was 11.9 and 78.2%. 6.7% of the participants had severe dysmenorrhea. 76.6% of the dysmenorrheic girls reported that their working ability was affected. 60.4% of the girls were aware of menstruation prior to menarche. Mothers and friends were the main sources of information (47.8%).
In conclusion, it can be mentioned that prevalence of dysmenorrhea and menstrual irregularity among young females is high. Working ability is reported to be affected by menstrual pain. It could be possible to improve menstrual discomforts management by including awareness programs.
月经是女性独有的现象，是女性生命中几乎普遍的经历，但其仍未被充分了解。本研究旨在评估月经模式及相关因素。
共选取194名年龄在18至27岁的女学生，要求她们匿名填写问卷。获取了有关人口统计学特征、初潮年龄、月经模式、痛经严重程度及相关症状，以及月经疼痛对工作能力影响的数据。还询问了参与者获取初潮和月经信息的来源。
受试者初潮的平均年龄为13.36±1.25岁，范围为10至17岁。月经持续时间的平均值为4.77±1.06天。最常见的月经症状是疲劳（47.9%）、背痛（38.3%）和易怒（34.5%）。月经不规律和痛经的患病率分别为11.9%和78.2%。6.7%的参与者有严重痛经。76.6%的痛经女孩报告其工作能力受到影响。60.4%的女孩在初潮前就了解月经。母亲和朋友是主要的信息来源（47.8%）。
总之，可以提到年轻女性中痛经和月经不规律的患病率较高。据报告，工作能力会受到月经疼痛的影响。通过开展提高认识的项目，有可能改善对月经不适的管理。
