Suzuki Tetsuro
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu, Japan.
Front Microbiol. 2012 Feb 7;3:38. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00038. eCollection 2012.
More than 170 million individuals are currently infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide and are at continuous risk of developing chronic liver disease. Since a cell culture system enabling relatively efficient propagation of HCV has become available, an increasing number of viral and host factors involved in HCV particle formation have been identified. Association of the viral Core, which forms the capsid with lipid droplets appears to be prerequisite for early HCV morphogenesis. Maturation and release of HCV particles is tightly linked to very-low-density lipoprotein biogenesis. Although expression of Core as well as E1 and E2 envelope proteins produces virus-like particles in heterologous expression systems, there is increasing evidence that non-structural viral proteins and p7 are also required for the production of infectious particles, suggesting that HCV genome replication and virion assembly are closely linked. Advances in our understanding of the various molecular mechanisms by which infectious HCV particles are formed are summarized.
目前全球有超过1.7亿人感染丙型肝炎病毒（HCV），且持续面临发展为慢性肝病的风险。自从一种能够使HCV相对高效繁殖的细胞培养系统问世以来，越来越多参与HCV颗粒形成的病毒和宿主因子被识别出来。病毒核心蛋白（Core）与脂滴形成衣壳，其关联似乎是HCV早期形态发生的先决条件。HCV颗粒的成熟和释放与极低密度脂蛋白的生物合成紧密相关。尽管在异源表达系统中，Core以及E1和E2包膜蛋白的表达可产生病毒样颗粒，但越来越多的证据表明，非结构病毒蛋白和p7对于产生感染性颗粒也是必需的，这表明HCV基因组复制和病毒体组装密切相关。本文总结了我们对感染性HCV颗粒形成的各种分子机制的理解进展。
