Salem Cb Ould Ahmed, Schneegans F, Chollet Jy, Jemli Mh Et
Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, BP BP 695 Nouakchott - Mauritanie.
Iran J Parasitol. 2011 Mar;6(1):49-57.
Echinococcosis/hydatidosis is considered endemic in Mauritania. The aim of this study is to present an epidemiological study on the echinococcosis in man and animals in the Nouakchott region.
The internal organs from livestock carcasses were inspected for research of hydatid cysts. The hydatid fluid was examined for research of the protoscoleces. Dogs were necropsied for the collect of Echinococcus granulosus.
In the Nouakchott Hospital, 24 surgical operation of human hydatid cysts have been performed, out of which 50% were localised in the lung, 33% in the liver and 17% elsewhere. Then, the incidence rate would be of 1.2% per 100 000 inhabitants in Mauritania. In the dog, the prevalence rate is 14%. The average number of E. granulosus on the whole dogs is 172 and 1227 on the positive dogs. Concerning the livestock, hydatid cysts found in 30.1% of the dromedary, 5.5% of the cattle and 6.5 of the sheep. The fertility rate of hydatid cysts in humans (75%) and camels (76%) was significantly higher than that of sheep (24%) and cattle (23%) (P<0.0001). Hydatid infestation is characterized globally by the dominance of pulmonary localizations in humans (50%) and camels (72.7%) and in the liver in sheep (76.1%) and cattle (82.3%).
The differences between prevalence rates, the fertility of hydatid cysts and diversity sites localization observed in humans and camels of one hand and the sheep and cattle on the other hand, depends possibly the strain(s) diversity of E. granulosus.
棘球蚴病/包虫病在毛里塔尼亚被视为地方病。本研究旨在对努瓦克肖特地区人和动物的棘球蚴病进行流行病学研究。
检查牲畜尸体的内脏以寻找包虫囊肿。检查包虫囊液以寻找原头节。对狗进行尸检以收集细粒棘球绦虫。
在努瓦克肖特医院，已进行了24例人类包虫囊肿手术，其中50%位于肺部，33%位于肝脏，17%位于其他部位。那么，毛里塔尼亚每10万居民的发病率为1.2%。在狗中，患病率为14%。所有狗身上细粒棘球绦虫的平均数量为172条，阳性狗身上为1227条。关于牲畜，在30.1%的单峰骆驼、5.5%的牛和6.5%的绵羊中发现了包虫囊肿。人类（75%）和骆驼（76%）的包虫囊肿繁殖率显著高于绵羊（24%）和牛（23%）（P<0.0001）。包虫感染在总体上的特征是，人类（50%）和骆驼（72.7%）的感染以肺部为主，而绵羊（76.1%）和牛（82.3%）的感染以肝脏为主。
一方面在人类和骆驼中观察到的患病率、包虫囊肿繁殖率和感染部位多样性与另一方面在绵羊和牛中观察到的情况之间的差异，可能取决于细粒棘球绦虫的菌株多样性。
