Schmitt Kathrin, Gold Andreas, Rauch Wolfgang A
Institut für Psychologie, Universität Frankfurt und Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk (IDeA), Frankfurt.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2012 Mar;40(2):95-102; quiz 102-3. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000156.
The current study investigates whether children with and without ADHD differ in their implementation of emotion-regulation strategies. In addition, it explores whether the regulation patterns of ADHD children are related to co-occurring behavioral and emotional problems.
A group of 21 children with ADHD and a group of 20 children without ADHD (ages 10-13) completed the Questionnaire on Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents (FEEL-KJ, Grob & Smolenski, 2005). Furthermore, we employed the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Woerner, Becker & Rothenberger, 2004) to assess the socioemotional problems of ADHD children.
Self-reports revealed group differences in terms of adaptive emotion regulation, though no group differences were found in terms of maladaptive emotion regulation. Specifically, children with ADHD reported less frequently applying the strategies "Cognitive Problem Solving," "Problem-Oriented Acting," "Mood Enhancement," "Reevaluation," and "Distraction." Children with ADHD also reported seeking social support less frequently than the controls. Moreover, significant negative correlations were found between adaptive coping and co-occurring behavioral and emotional problems.
Children with and without ADHD specifically differ in their application of problem-oriented emotion-regulation strategies, especially those ADHD children suffer from co-occurring problems who particularly infrequently apply adaptive emotion regulation strategies.
本研究调查患有和未患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童在实施情绪调节策略方面是否存在差异。此外，还探讨了ADHD儿童的调节模式是否与同时出现的行为和情绪问题有关。
一组21名患有ADHD的儿童和一组20名未患有ADHD的儿童（年龄在10 - 13岁之间）完成了《儿童和青少年情绪调节问卷》（FEEL-KJ，格罗布和斯莫伦斯基，2005年）。此外，我们采用家长评定的《长处与困难问卷》（沃纳、贝克尔和罗滕贝格，2004年）来评估ADHD儿童的社会情绪问题。
自我报告显示，在适应性情绪调节方面存在组间差异，而在适应不良情绪调节方面未发现组间差异。具体而言，患有ADHD的儿童报告较少频繁应用“认知问题解决”“面向问题的行动”“情绪增强”“重新评估”和“分散注意力”等策略。患有ADHD的儿童寻求社会支持的频率也低于对照组。此外，在适应性应对与同时出现的行为和情绪问题之间发现了显著的负相关。
患有和未患有ADHD的儿童在应用面向问题的情绪调节策略方面存在显著差异，尤其是那些患有共病问题的ADHD儿童特别不常应用适应性情绪调节策略。
