Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2012 Apr;46(2):259-68. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102012005000018. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
To analyze factors associated with self-reported sickness absenteeism among nursing workers.
Cross-sectional study with 1,509 workers from three public hospitals in the city of Rio de Janeiro (Southeastern Brazil) in 2006. Absenteeism was classified in three levels: no day, a few days (1-9 days) and many days (> 10 days), based on the answer to a question of the work ability index questionnaire. The logistic regression analysis considered a conceptual model based on distal (socioeconomic status), intermediate I (occupational characteristics), intermediate II (lifestyle characteristics), and proximal (diseases and health conditions) determinants.
The frequencies of sickness absenteeism were 20.3% and 16.6% for a few days and many days, respectively. Those who reported more than one job, musculoskeletal diseases and rated their health as poor or regular had higher odds of absenteeism. Compared to nurses, nursing assistants were less likely to mention a few days, and technicians were more likely to have many days of absence. Higher odds of mentioning many days of absence were observed among public servants, compared to contract workers (OR = 3.12; 95%CI 1.86;5.22), and among married (OR = 1.73; 95%CI 1.14;2.63) and separated, divorced and widowed individuals (OR = 2.06, 95%CI 1.27;3.35), compared to singles.
Different variables were associated with the two forms of absenteeism, which suggests its multiple and complex determination related to factors from different levels that cannot be exclusively explained by health problems.
分析与护理人员自我报告病假缺勤相关的因素。
2006 年，对来自巴西里约热内卢市三所公立医院的 1509 名工作人员进行了横断面研究。根据工作能力指数问卷的一个问题的答案，将缺勤分为三个等级：无缺勤、缺勤几天（1-9 天）和缺勤多天（>10 天）。逻辑回归分析考虑了基于远端（社会经济状况）、中间 I（职业特征）、中间 II（生活方式特征）和近端（疾病和健康状况）决定因素的概念模型。
缺勤几天和缺勤多天的频率分别为 20.3%和 16.6%。那些报告有超过一份工作、肌肉骨骼疾病和自评健康状况不佳或一般的人，缺勤的可能性更高。与护士相比，护理助理报告几天缺勤的可能性较小，技术员报告多天缺勤的可能性较大。与合同工相比，公务员报告多天缺勤的可能性更高（OR=3.12；95%CI 1.86；5.22），与单身者相比，已婚（OR=1.73；95%CI 1.14；2.63）、离异和丧偶者报告多天缺勤的可能性更高（OR=2.06，95%CI 1.27；3.35）。
不同的变量与两种形式的缺勤相关，这表明其具有多种复杂的决定因素，与不同层次的因素有关，不能仅用健康问题来解释。
