Pollice Rocco, Bianchini Valeria, Roncone Rita, Casacchia Massimo
Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita dell' Aquila.
Riv Psichiatr. 2012 Jan-Feb;47(1):59-64. doi: 10.1708/1034.11292.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of PTSD diagnosis, psychological distress and post-traumatic symptoms in a population of young earthquake survivors after L'Aquila earthquake.
Between April 2009 and January 2010, 187 young people seeking help consecutively at the Service for Monitoring and early Intervention against psychoLogical and mEntal suffering in young people (SMILE) of L'Aquila University Psychiatric Department, underwent clinical interview with the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview DSM-IV-I and-II (SCID-I and SCID-II) and psychometric evaluation with Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and General Health Questionnaire-12 items (GHQ-12).
44.2% and 37.4% respectively, showed high and moderate levels of psychological distress. 66.7% reported the presence of a significant post-traumatic symptoms (Post-traumatic Syndrome) with an IES-R>28, while a diagnosis of PTSD was made in 13.8% of the sample. The obsessive-compulsive trait, female sex and high level of distress (GHQ ≥20) appear to be the main risk factors for the development of PTSD than those who had a post-traumatic syndrome for which the displacement and social disruption, appear to be more associated with post-traumatic aftermaths.
Our findings, in line with recent literature, confirm that a natural disaster produces an high psychological distress with long-term aftermaths. Early intervention for survivors of collective or individual trauma, regardless of the presence of a PTSD diagnosis should be a primary goal in a program of Public Health.
本研究旨在评估拉奎拉地震后年轻地震幸存者群体中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的诊断情况、心理困扰及创伤后症状。
2009年4月至2010年1月期间，187名在拉奎拉大学精神病学系青少年心理与精神痛苦监测及早期干预服务处（SMILE）连续寻求帮助的年轻人，接受了使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版轴I及轴II》半结构化临床访谈（SCID - I和SCID - II）的临床访谈，并使用事件影响量表修订版（IES - R）和12项一般健康问卷（GHQ - 12）进行心理测量评估。
分别有44.2%和37.4%的人表现出高度和中度的心理困扰。66.7%的人报告存在显著的创伤后症状（创伤后综合征），IES - R>28，而样本中13.8%的人被诊断为PTSD。强迫性特质、女性性别和高度困扰（GHQ≥20）似乎是PTSD发生的主要危险因素，而对于有创伤后综合征的人来说，流离失所和社会混乱似乎与创伤后后果更相关。
我们的研究结果与近期文献一致，证实自然灾害会产生高度的心理困扰并带来长期后果。对集体或个体创伤幸存者的早期干预，无论是否存在PTSD诊断，都应是公共卫生项目的首要目标。
