Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Jul 6;187(3-4):563-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.01.033. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
The accurate identification of anisakid nematodes at any life cycle stage is important both to deepen the knowledge on their taxonomy, ecology, epidemiology and for diagnosis and control, as larval stages cause a clinical disease in humans known as anisakidosis. With the aim to investigate the presence of anisakid larvae, specimens of horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758), silver scabbardfish, Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788), European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758) and opah fish, Lampris guttatus (Brunnich, 1788), were collected by trawling at depths ranging from 50 to 400 m. A molecular approach based on restriction profiles obtained after digestion of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region was used to identify Anisakis spp. larvae recovered in fish samples. Restriction profiles showed three banding patterns, corresponding to Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis physeteris and to heterozygote pattern between A. pegreffii and Anisakis simplex s.s. Specimens showing the heterozygote restriction pattern were also analyzed by sequencing of the entire ITS region, to confirm the heterozygote status.
准确识别各生活史阶段的异尖线虫对于加深其分类学、生态学、流行病学的认识，以及对于诊断和控制非常重要，因为幼虫阶段会导致人类患一种称为异尖线虫病的临床疾病。为了调查异尖线虫幼虫的存在，采用拖网捕捞法在 50 至 400 米深度采集了马鲛鱼（Trachurus trachurus）、长尾鳕（Lepidopus caudatus）、欧洲无须鳕（Engraulis encrasicolus）和月鱼（Lampris guttatus）等鱼类样本。利用基于核核糖体 ITS 区消化后获得的限制性图谱的分子方法来鉴定从鱼类样本中回收的异尖线虫幼虫。限制性图谱显示了三种带型，分别对应于棘颚口线虫（Anisakis pegreffii）、Physeteris 属异尖线虫（Anisakis physeteris）和棘颚口线虫（Anisakis pegreffii）与简单异尖线虫（Anisakis simplex s.s.）的杂合带型。显示杂合限制图谱的标本也通过整个 ITS 区的测序进行了分析，以确认杂合状态。
