Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Environ Int. 2012 Sep;44:151-62. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
A comprehensive worldwide literature review of blood levels of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in non-exposed adult general populations was performed. The studies published in 1989-2010 reporting information on polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), non-ortho-PCBs (nPCBs), mono-ortho-PCBs (mPCBs) levels and Toxic Equivalencies (TEQs, a summary weighted measure of their combined toxicity) were reviewed. TEQs were calculated using as standard the most recent WHO 2005 reevaluation of Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs). Weighted multiple regression analyses adjusted for year, subject's age, type of sample analyzed, method used for values below detection limit, and central tendency measure used were performed for each congener and standardized TEQs (log-transformed). We identified 187 studies regarding 29,687 subjects of 26 countries. Year of blood collection ranged from 1985 to 2008. The studies reporting congener levels 161. In adjusted analyses, European countries showed higher levels of most dioxin-like congeners and TEQs. A strong positive association of subjects' age with most congeners and with TEQ values was found, confirming previous findings. Significant decreases over time (1985-2008) were documented for PCCDs, PCDFs, and TEQs including their contributions. No significant decrease was found for non-ortho-PCBs, notably PCB 126. Only some mono-ortho-PCBs showed clear significant declines. Accordingly, TEQs including only PCB contribution did not decrease over time. In interpreting these findings, it should be considered that for dioxin-like PCBs the analysis period was shorter (17 years), since these compounds were first measured in 1992.
对非暴露成人一般人群血液中二恶英和类二恶英化合物水平的全球文献进行了全面回顾。 综述了 1989 年至 2010 年期间发表的研究报告，这些研究报告提供了关于多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）、多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、非邻位多氯联苯（nPCBs）、单邻位多氯联苯（mPCBs）水平和毒性当量（TEQ，其综合毒性的加权衡量标准）的信息。TEQ 是使用世界卫生组织 2005 年最新毒性等效因子（TEF）评估标准计算得出的。 对每个同类物和标准化 TEQ（对数转换）进行了调整年份、受试者年龄、分析样本类型、低于检测限值的方法以及使用的中心趋势测量的加权多元回归分析。 我们确定了 187 项关于 26 个国家的 29687 名受试者的研究。血液采集年份范围为 1985 年至 2008 年。有 161 项研究报告了同类物水平。在调整分析中，欧洲国家显示出大多数类二恶英同类物和 TEQ 水平较高。研究发现，受试者年龄与大多数同类物和 TEQ 值之间存在强烈的正相关关系，这证实了先前的发现。记录到 PCCDs、PCDFs 和 TEQs 及其贡献的浓度自 1985 年至 2008 年期间呈显著下降趋势。非邻位多氯联苯（特别是 PCB 126）未见明显下降。只有一些单邻位多氯联苯表现出明显的显著下降。因此，包括 PCB 贡献在内的 TEQ 并未随时间减少。在解释这些发现时，应该考虑到类二恶英多氯联苯的分析期较短（17 年），因为这些化合物于 1992 年首次进行测量。
