Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Jan;17(1):79-86. doi: 10.1007/s00784-012-0696-2. Epub 2012 Feb 28.
The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of different oral microbes in gingival plaque samples and in samples from the dorsum of the tongue in a Swiss adolescent population.
Ninety-nine adolescents between 15 and 18 years were enrolled. Plaque index, bleeding on probing (BOP), the periodontal screening index, and decayed missed filled tooth (DMFT) index were recorded. Samples from subgingival plaque and swabs from the tongue were analyzed by the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Additionally, counts of Streptococus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were determined by real-time PCR.
Periodontitis was not diagnosed in any of the subjects but all of them presented signs of gingival inflammation displaying a mean BOP of 28%. Ten (10.1%) subjects were tested positive for P. gingivalis, each 22 (22.2%) for A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia, (47.5%) for T. denticola. T. denticola and S. mutans showed a high affinity to the gingival plaque, whereas T. forsythia was often detected from the dorsum of the tongue. DMFT was associated with S. mutans counts, and BOP correlated with counts of P. gingivalis and T. denticola.
The present data indicate that: (a) gingivitis but not periodontitis is a common finding among Swiss adolescents, and (b) bacteria associated with periodontitis were frequently detected in the subgingival dental plaque and on the dorsum of the tongue in Swiss adolescents with gingivitis.
Although gingivitis was a frequent finding in Swiss adolescents, periodontitis was not detected in this population. The dorsum of the tongue appears to represent an important reservoir for periodontopathic bacteria.
本研究旨在确定瑞士青少年人群的牙龈菌斑样本和舌背样本中不同口腔微生物的流行情况。
共纳入 99 名 15 至 18 岁的青少年。记录菌斑指数、探诊出血（BOP）、牙周筛选指数和龋失补（DMFT）指数。采用 checkerboard DNA-DNA 杂交法分析龈下菌斑样本和舌拭子样本。此外，通过实时 PCR 检测变形链球菌和伴放线放线杆菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛坦纳菌和牙髓密螺旋体的数量。
所有受试者均未诊断为牙周炎，但均有牙龈炎症迹象，BOP 平均值为 28%。10 名（10.1%）受试者检测出牙龈卟啉单胞菌阳性，22 名（22.2%）受试者检测出伴放线放线杆菌和福赛坦纳菌阳性，47.5%受试者检测出牙髓密螺旋体阳性。牙髓密螺旋体和变形链球菌与牙龈菌斑亲和力高，而福赛坦纳菌常从舌背检出。DMFT 与变形链球菌数量相关，BOP 与牙龈卟啉单胞菌和牙髓密螺旋体数量相关。
本研究数据表明：（a）牙龈炎而非牙周炎是瑞士青少年的常见疾病；（b）与牙周病相关的细菌常存在于患有牙龈炎的瑞士青少年的龈下牙菌斑和舌背。
尽管瑞士青少年牙龈炎发病率较高，但在该人群中未检测到牙周炎。舌背似乎是牙周病细菌的重要储存库。
