Rodgers Cheryl, Norville Robbie, Taylor Olga, Poon Connie, Hesselgrave Joy, Gregurich Mary Ann, Hockenberry Marilyn
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Cancer and Hematology Service at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2012 Mar;39(2):202-9. doi: 10.1188/12.ONF.202-209.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To identify anticipatory, acute, and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) frequency and coping strategies used among pediatric patients with cancer.
Prospective, cohort design.
A pediatric teaching hospital in the southern United States.
A convenience sample of 40 children aged 7-12 years scheduled to receive either moderately emetic chemotherapy or highly emetic chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
Children completed the Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics and the Kidcope-Younger Version.
CINV and coping strategies.
CINV occurred during the anticipatory, acute, and delayed times, with the highest frequency occurring during the delayed time. The most frequently used coping strategies were distraction and wishful thinking, whereas the most effective strategies were social support and distraction. No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequency or efficacy of coping strategies over time.
CINV occurs throughout chemotherapy treatment. The most efficacious coping strategies included active and passive coping, with active coping strategies being more effective.
Nurses should recognize that CINV occurs at all points of chemotherapy treatment. Nurses can assist children in developing active coping strategies to manage their CINV.
目的/目标：确定癌症患儿化疗引起的预期性、急性和迟发性恶心呕吐（CINV）的发生率以及所采用的应对策略。
前瞻性队列研究设计。
美国南部的一家儿科教学医院。
40名年龄在7至12岁之间、计划接受中度致吐性化疗或高度致吐性化疗以治疗癌症的儿童组成的便利样本。
儿童完成《儿科恶心呕吐适应性罗兹指数》和《儿童应对量表简版》。
CINV和应对策略。
CINV在预期性、急性和迟发性阶段均有发生，其中迟发性阶段发生率最高。最常使用的应对策略是分散注意力和如意想法，而最有效的策略是社会支持和分散注意力。随着时间推移，应对策略的频率或效果未观察到统计学上的显著差异。
CINV在整个化疗过程中都会出现。最有效的应对策略包括主动和被动应对，其中主动应对策略更有效。
护士应认识到CINV在化疗治疗的各个阶段都会发生。护士可以帮助儿童制定主动应对策略来管理CINV。
