Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California 94612, USA.
J Invest Dermatol. 2012 Jun;132(6):1573-82. doi: 10.1038/jid.2012.21. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Laboratory data suggest that intake of vitamin A and carotenoids may have chemopreventive benefits against melanoma, but epidemiological studies examining the association have yielded conflicting results. We examined whether dietary and supplemental vitamin A and carotenoid intake was associated with melanoma risk among 69,635 men and women who were participants of the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) cohort study in western Washington. After an average of 5.84 years of follow-up, 566 incident melanomas were identified. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of melanoma associated with dietary, supplemental, and total vitamin A and carotenoid intake after adjusting for melanoma risk factors. Baseline use of individual retinol supplements was associated with a significant reduction in melanoma risk (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.41-0.89). High-dose (>1,200 μg per day) supplemental retinol was also associated with reduced melanoma risk (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55-1.00), as compared with non-users. The reduction in melanoma risk was stronger in sun-exposed anatomic sites. There was no association of melanoma risk with dietary or total intake of vitamin A or carotenoids. Retinol supplementation may have a preventative role in melanoma among women.
实验室数据表明，摄入维生素 A 和类胡萝卜素可能对预防黑色素瘤具有化学预防作用，但检查这种关联的流行病学研究得出了相互矛盾的结果。我们研究了在华盛顿西部 VITamins And Lifestyle（VITAL）队列研究中，69635 名男性和女性的饮食和补充维生素 A 和类胡萝卜素摄入量是否与黑色素瘤风险相关。在平均 5.84 年的随访后，确定了 566 例黑色素瘤新发病例。使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型，调整了黑色素瘤风险因素后，估计了与饮食、补充和总维生素 A 和类胡萝卜素摄入相关的黑色素瘤风险的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。个体视黄醇补充剂的基线使用与黑色素瘤风险显著降低相关（HR：0.60；95%CI：0.41-0.89）。与非使用者相比，高剂量（>1200μg/天）补充视黄醇也与降低黑色素瘤风险相关（HR：0.74；95%CI：0.55-1.00）。在暴露于阳光的解剖部位，黑色素瘤风险的降低更为明显。黑色素瘤风险与饮食或总维生素 A 或类胡萝卜素的摄入无关。视黄醇补充剂可能在女性中对黑色素瘤具有预防作用。
