Pennick Kate E, McKnight Christy A, Patterson Jon S, Latimer Kenneth S, Maes Roger K, Wise Annabel G, Kiupel Matti
Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48910, USA.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2012 Mar;24(2):333-8. doi: 10.1177/1040638711435230.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) can be used either to detect or to differentiate between Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) within formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) brain tissue of horses. To compare the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of ISH and IHC, FFPE brain tissue from 20 EEEV-positive horses and 16 WNV-positive horses were tested with both EEEV and WNV oligoprobes and EEEV- and WNV-specific antibodies. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detection of EEEV and WNV was used as the gold standard to confirm infection. All horses that tested positive for EEEV by RT-PCR also tested positive by IHC and ISH, except for 1 case that was false-negative by ISH. In contrast, all horses that tested positive for WNV by RT-PCR tested negative by IHC and only 2 horses tested positive by ISH. No false-positives were detected with either method for both viruses. Both IHC and ISH are highly specific and sensitive diagnostic methods to detect EEEV in equine FFPE brain tissues, although neither appear effective for the diagnosis of WNV in equine neurologic cases.
免疫组织化学（IHC）和原位杂交（ISH）可用于检测或区分福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋（FFPE）马脑组织中的东部马脑炎病毒（EEEV）和西尼罗河病毒（WNV）。为比较ISH和IHC的诊断敏感性和特异性，使用EEEV和WNV寡核苷酸探针以及EEEV和WNV特异性抗体对20匹EEEV阳性马和16匹WNV阳性马的FFPE脑组织进行检测。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测EEEV和WNV作为确认感染的金标准。所有经RT-PCR检测EEEV呈阳性的马通过IHC和ISH检测也呈阳性，但有1例ISH检测为假阴性。相比之下，所有经RT-PCR检测WNV呈阳性的马通过IHC检测呈阴性，只有2匹马通过ISH检测呈阳性。两种病毒的两种方法均未检测到假阳性。IHC和ISH都是检测马FFPE脑组织中EEEV的高度特异性和敏感性诊断方法，尽管两者对马神经病例中WNV的诊断似乎均无效。
