Robert B, Ginter A, Antoine H, Collard A, Coppe P
Centre d'Etude des Protozoaires Pathogènes, Marloie, Belgium.
Vet Parasitol. 1990 Aug;37(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(90)90020-c.
This paper describes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis. A monoclonal antibody with a high affinity against an oocyst antigen was used to set up the test. The efficiency of this assay was compared with that of the flotation test; 275 calf faecal samples were examined by the two methods. There was 96% agreement between the two tests. For the 11 conflicting samples, the two tests were repeated and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining was performed on faecal smears. All these 11 samples contained few oocysts, but only five and six of them were shown to be positive by the ELISA and flotation tests, respectively. The degree of sensitivity of the ELISA and flotation tests is comparable; samples heavily or moderately contaminated with oocytes are detected by both methods. This ELISA is reliable and never gives rise to false positive results. Nevertheless, as with the flotation test, the occasional case containing very few oocysts will not always be detected by this test. If necessary, very accurate diagnosis can be made by a staining technique or by a direct immunofluorescent assay. In veterinary medicine, the ELISA seems to be a method of choice; it appears to be a fast and reliable technique which could be used as a routine test for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Nevertheless the degree of sensitivity must always be borne in mind. There is no need for a microscopic examination, which is an additional advantage.
本文描述了一种用于诊断隐孢子虫病的酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）。使用一种对卵囊抗原具有高亲和力的单克隆抗体来建立该检测方法。将该检测方法的效率与浮选试验的效率进行了比较；用这两种方法检测了275份小牛粪便样本。两种检测方法的一致性为96%。对于11份结果冲突的样本，重复进行了这两种检测，并对粪便涂片进行了改良齐尔-尼尔森染色。所有这11份样本中卵囊数量很少，但ELISA检测和浮选试验分别仅显示其中5份和6份为阳性。ELISA检测和浮选试验的灵敏度相当；两种方法都能检测出被卵囊严重或中度污染的样本。这种ELISA检测方法可靠，不会产生假阳性结果。然而，与浮选试验一样，偶尔会有含有极少卵囊的病例无法通过该检测方法检测出来。如有必要，可通过染色技术或直接免疫荧光测定法进行非常准确的诊断。在兽医学中，ELISA检测似乎是一种首选方法；它似乎是一种快速可靠的技术，可作为检测隐孢子虫卵囊的常规检测方法。然而，必须始终牢记其灵敏度。无需进行显微镜检查，这是一个额外的优点。
