Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2E9.
Am J Public Health. 2012 Feb;102(2):352-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300376. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
We assessed the impact of changes in dimensions of the psychosocial work environment on risk of depression in a longitudinal cohort of Canadian workers who were free of depression when work conditions were initially reported.
Using a sample (n = 3735) from the Canadian National Population Health Survey, we examined the effects of changes in job control, psychological demands, and social support over a 2-year period on subsequent depression. We adjusted models for a number of covariates, including personal history of depression.
Respondents with increased psychological demands were more likely to have depression over the following 2 years (odds ratio = 2.36; 95% confidence interval = 1.14, 4.88). This risk remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, gender, marital status, presence of children, level of education, chronic health conditions, subclinical depression when work conditions were initially assessed, family history of depression, and personal history of depression.
These results demonstrate that changes in psychological demands have a stronger influence than changes in job control on the onset of depression, highlighting the importance of not assuming an interaction between these 2 components of job strain when assessing health outcomes.
我们评估了加拿大工人的心理社会工作环境维度变化对抑郁风险的影响，这些工人在最初报告工作条件时没有抑郁。
我们使用加拿大全国人口健康调查的样本（n=3735），研究了在 2 年期间工作控制、心理需求和社会支持的变化对随后抑郁的影响。我们调整了多个协变量的模型，包括个人抑郁史。
在接下来的 2 年中，心理需求增加的受访者更有可能出现抑郁（优势比=2.36；95%置信区间=1.14，4.88）。在调整年龄、性别、婚姻状况、子女状况、教育程度、慢性健康状况、最初评估工作条件时的亚临床抑郁、抑郁家族史和个人抑郁史后，这种风险仍然具有统计学意义。
这些结果表明，心理需求的变化比工作控制的变化对抑郁的发生有更强的影响，这强调了在评估健康结果时，不要假设工作压力这两个组成部分之间存在相互作用的重要性。
