Dirección de Promoción de la Salud y Control de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Av 9 de julio 1925 9no, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1073ABA, Argentina.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2012 Sep;14(9):1092-9. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nts004. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
The relationship between poverty and tobacco consumption among adolescents has not been extensively studied, and what evidence exists has come almost entirely from developed countries. Moreover, the impact of contextual factors--such as school-level poverty--remains unclear.
We obtained information about smoking behavior from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey in Argentina in 2007. School-level characteristics were derived by matching schools to census areas from the 2001 Census. Additional school-level information was obtained from the Ministry of Education. Random intercept models were used to evaluate the associations of school-level variables (poverty in the census area of the school, school receipt of social assistance, and public or private status) with current smoking, intention to quit, secondhand smoke exposure outside the home, support for smoke-free laws, purchase of single cigarettes among smokers, and susceptibility to smoking in 5 years among nonsmokers.
After controlling for age and sex, students attending schools receiving social assistance were more likely to smoke (odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.80) and to purchase loose cigarettes (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.08-2.54), whereas school poverty was significantly associated with secondhand smoke exposure (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.58).
This study shows that an association exists between unfavorable contextual school characteristics and tobacco consumption and related measures among youth in Argentina. Efforts to prevent smoking may need to address the school-level factors that place youth at higher risk.
青少年贫困与烟草消费之间的关系尚未得到广泛研究，现有的证据几乎全部来自发达国家。此外，背景因素（如学校层面的贫困）的影响仍不清楚。
我们从 2007 年阿根廷全球青少年烟草调查中获取了吸烟行为信息。通过将学校与 2001 年人口普查的普查区相匹配，得出了学校层面的特征。从教育部获得了额外的学校层面信息。使用随机截距模型评估了学校层面变量（学校所在普查区的贫困程度、学校获得社会援助的情况、公立或私立学校的地位）与当前吸烟、戒烟意愿、家庭外二手烟暴露、支持无烟法律、吸烟者购买单支香烟以及非吸烟者 5 年内吸烟易感性的关联。
在控制了年龄和性别后，接受社会援助的学校的学生更有可能吸烟（比值比[OR]1.35，95%可信区间[CI]1.02-1.80）和购买散烟（OR 1.66，95%CI 1.08-2.54），而学校贫困与二手烟暴露显著相关（OR 1.27，95%CI 1.04-1.58）。
这项研究表明，在阿根廷，不利的学校背景特征与青少年的烟草消费和相关措施之间存在关联。预防吸烟的努力可能需要解决使青年处于更高风险的学校层面因素。
