甲型 H1N1 流感大流行第一年风险认知和疫苗接种意愿的变化趋势：一项纵向研究。
Trends in risk perceptions and vaccination intentions: a longitudinal study of the first year of the H1N1 pandemic.
机构信息
RAND Corporation, Boston, MA, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2012 Apr;102(4):672-9. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300407. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
OBJECTIVES
We sought to evaluate longitudinal trends in people's risk perceptions and vaccination intentions during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic.
METHODS
We used data from 10 waves of a US national survey focusing on the H1N1 pandemic (administered between May 2009 and January 2010) to conduct a longitudinal analysis of adult respondents' risk perceptions and vaccination intentions.
RESULTS
Self-reported perceived risk of becoming infected with H1N1 paralleled H1N1 activity throughout the pandemic's first year. However, intention to be vaccinated declined from 50% (May 2009) to 16% (January 2010) among those who remained unvaccinated (27% had been vaccinated by January 2010). Respondents who indicated that they had previously been vaccinated against seasonal influenza reported significantly higher H1N1 vaccination intentions than those who had not been vaccinated (67% vs 26%; P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
Reported intention to be vaccinated declined well before vaccine became available and decreased throughout the pandemic year. To the extent that prior vaccination for seasonal influenza vaccination is a strong correlate of H1N1 risk perceptions, encouraging seasonal influenza vaccination may benefit pandemic preparedness efforts.
目的
我们旨在评估在 2009 年 H1N1 大流行期间人们的风险认知和疫苗接种意愿的纵向趋势。
方法
我们使用了美国全国性调查的 10 个波次的数据，这些调查重点关注 H1N1 大流行（于 2009 年 5 月至 2010 年 1 月期间进行），对成年受访者的风险认知和疫苗接种意愿进行了纵向分析。
结果
自我报告的感染 H1N1 的风险与大流行第一年的 H1N1 活动相吻合。然而，在那些未接种疫苗的人群中，接种意愿从 50%（2009 年 5 月）下降到 16%（2010 年 1 月）（2010 年 1 月之前有 27%的人已经接种了疫苗）。表示之前已接种季节性流感疫苗的受访者表示 H1N1 疫苗接种意愿明显高于未接种疫苗的受访者（67%比 26%；P<0.001）。
结论
在疫苗可用之前，报告的接种意愿就已经下降，并且在整个大流行年中都在下降。在季节性流感疫苗接种是 H1N1 风险认知的强相关因素的程度上，鼓励季节性流感疫苗接种可能有利于大流行的准备工作。
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