Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Gifu, Japan.
Cancer Causes Control. 2012 May;23(5):683-9. doi: 10.1007/s10552-012-9935-8. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
Endogenous sex hormones have been implicated in the etiology of breast cancer. Dietary factors such as fat, dietary fiber, soy isoflavones, and alcohol have been suggested to influence endogenous estrogen and other steroid hormone levels. We examined the relationship among these dietary factors and plasma sex hormone levels in premenopausal Japanese women.
We measured the plasma concentrations of estradiol, estrone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone-binding globulin, a follicle-stimulating hormone, a luteinizing hormone, and prolactin among 393 premenopausal women who had regular menstrual cycles fewer than 40 days apart. The dietary intakes were estimated with a validated food frequency questionnaire.
After controlling for age, BMI, phase of the menstrual cycle, number of births, age at first birth, history of breastfeeding, and smoking status, the saturated fat intake was significantly positively associated with total estradiol and free estradiol levels. Intakes of the other types of fat, dietary fiber, soy isoflavones, and alcohol were not significantly associated with levels of any hormone measured.
These data suggest that a high intake of saturated fat is associated with increased estradiol levels in premenopausal Japanese women. Saturated fat intake may have implications in the etiology of breast cancer.
内源性性激素与乳腺癌的病因有关。脂肪、膳食纤维、大豆异黄酮和酒精等饮食因素被认为会影响内源性雌激素和其他甾体激素水平。我们研究了这些饮食因素与绝经前日本女性血浆性激素水平之间的关系。
我们测量了 393 名月经周期少于 40 天的绝经前女性的血浆雌二醇、雌酮、睾酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮、性激素结合球蛋白、卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素和催乳素浓度。饮食摄入量是用经过验证的食物频率问卷估计的。
在控制年龄、BMI、月经周期阶段、生育次数、初产年龄、母乳喂养史和吸烟状况后，饱和脂肪摄入量与总雌二醇和游离雌二醇水平呈显著正相关。其他类型的脂肪、膳食纤维、大豆异黄酮和酒精的摄入量与所测量的任何激素水平均无显著相关性。
这些数据表明，绝经前日本女性摄入大量饱和脂肪与雌二醇水平升高有关。饱和脂肪的摄入可能与乳腺癌的病因有关。
