Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, 1601 23rd Ave South Suite 3057, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
Autism. 2012 Jul;16(4):406-19. doi: 10.1177/1362361311430404. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
In the rubber hand illusion, perceived hand ownership can be transferred to a rubber hand after synchronous visual and tactile stimulation. Perceived body ownership and self-other relation are foundational for development of self-awareness, imitation, and empathy, which are all affected in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We examined the rubber hand illusion in children with and without ASD. Children with ASD were initially less susceptible to the illusion than the comparison group, yet showed the effects of the illusion after 6 minutes. Delayed susceptibility to the illusion may result from atypical multisensory temporal integration and/or an unusually strong reliance on proprioception. Children with ASD who displayed less empathy were significantly less likely to experience the illusion than those with more intact ability to express empathy. A better understanding of body representation in ASD may elucidate neural underpinnings of social deficits, thus informing future intervention approaches.
在橡胶手错觉中，经过同步的视觉和触觉刺激后，可将感知到手的所有权转移到橡胶手上。感知到的身体所有权和自我与他人的关系是自我意识、模仿和同理心发展的基础，而这些在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中都受到了影响。我们在有和没有 ASD 的儿童中研究了橡胶手错觉。与对照组相比，患有 ASD 的儿童最初对错觉的敏感性较低，但在 6 分钟后显示出了错觉的效果。对错觉的敏感性延迟可能是由于异常的多感觉时间整合和/或对本体感觉的异常强烈依赖。与那些表达同理心能力更强的儿童相比，同理心较弱的 ASD 儿童体验错觉的可能性明显较低。更好地理解 ASD 中的身体表象可能阐明社交缺陷的神经基础，从而为未来的干预方法提供信息。
