Institut für Psychologie der Universitaet Osnabrueck, Knollstrasse 15, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 Jul 30;198(2):187-93. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.012. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
Insight in schizophrenia can be seen as a multifactorial phenomenon. Although multifactorial pathways have also been suggested for insight formation, motivational explanations have rarely been tested. The present study explores stigma as one possible determinant of a motivated lack of insight in integrated models of insight formation. It examines the contribution of socio-demographic and clinical variables, neurocognitive functions, symptoms, and stigma to the prediction of insight into illness. Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (N=111) participated in a comprehensive battery of instruments to measure insight dimensions, stigma, neurocognitive functions, symptoms, socio-demographic and clinical variables. Blockwise multiple regression analysis indicates significant association of variability in insight dimensions with gender (7%) and stigma (i. e., stereotype agreement: 5%). Our findings demonstrate an incremental validity of stigma, which indicates a motivational pathway of insight formation. This study enables better understanding of the multifactorial nature of insight, which should be considered in therapeutic interventions to improve insight. The roles of gender and neurocognitive functions in insight formation are also discussed.
精神分裂症的洞察力可以被视为一种多因素现象。尽管也有人提出了洞察形成的多因素途径，但动机解释很少得到检验。本研究探讨了耻辱感作为综合洞察形成模型中动机缺乏洞察力的一个可能决定因素。它研究了社会人口统计学和临床变量、神经认知功能、症状和耻辱感对疾病洞察力预测的贡献。患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的患者（N=111）参加了一系列综合仪器的测试，以测量洞察力维度、耻辱感、神经认知功能、症状、社会人口统计学和临床变量。逐步多元回归分析表明，洞察力维度的变异性与性别（7%）和耻辱感（即刻板印象一致：5%）显著相关。我们的研究结果表明耻辱感具有增量有效性，这表明洞察形成的动机途径。这项研究使我们更好地理解洞察力的多因素性质，这应该在治疗干预中加以考虑，以提高洞察力。还讨论了性别和神经认知功能在洞察力形成中的作用。
