Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 Apr 30;196(2-3):290-5. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.12.019. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
Research has found that children who have parents with an addiction may be more vulnerable to developing psychopathology compared to children without parental addiction. We compared young adult, recreational gamblers with and without parental addiction on measures of gambling behavior and impulsivity. A total of 286 recreational gamblers (defined as having gambled at least five times in the past 12 months) between the ages of 18 and 29 participated in an initial intake of a longitudinal study assessing susceptibility to pathological gambling. Trained staff members interviewed subjects, and subjects completed cognitive testing and self-report measures. Fifty-three subjects (18.53%) reported at least one parent with an addiction (including alcohol and substance dependence and pathological gambling). Subjects with at least one addicted parent were significantly more likely to report problems resulting from gambling, have significantly greater rates of psychiatric comorbidity, and report significantly more current marijuana and tobacco use. Subjects with an addicted parent were not significantly different on measures of impulsivity. These findings suggest that even at a stage of low-risk gambling, before what has been considered a psychopathology arises, those with a possible environmental and/or genetic risk of addiction exhibit a range of problematic behaviors.
研究发现，与没有父母成瘾的儿童相比，父母有成瘾问题的儿童可能更容易出现心理病理学。我们比较了有和没有父母成瘾的成年业余赌徒在赌博行为和冲动性方面的测量结果。共有 286 名年龄在 18 至 29 岁之间的业余赌徒（定义为过去 12 个月内至少赌博过 5 次）参加了一项评估病理性赌博易感性的纵向研究的初始摄入。经过培训的工作人员对受试者进行了访谈，受试者完成了认知测试和自我报告的测量。53 名受试者（18.53%）报告称至少有一位父母有成瘾问题（包括酒精和物质依赖以及病理性赌博）。至少有一位成瘾父母的受试者更有可能报告因赌博而产生的问题，患有明显更多的精神共病，并且报告当前更频繁地使用大麻和烟草。在冲动性的测量上，有成瘾父母的受试者没有明显差异。这些发现表明，即使在低风险赌博阶段，即在被认为是心理病理学出现之前，那些有潜在环境和/或遗传成瘾风险的人也会表现出一系列有问题的行为。
