Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2012 Mar 9;12(4):295-305. doi: 10.1038/nri3166.
Recent years have seen several advances in our understanding of immunity to virus infection of the lower respiratory tract, including to influenza virus infection. Here, we review the cellular targets of viruses and the features of the host immune response that are unique to the lungs. We describe the interplay between innate and adaptive immune cells in the induction, expression and control of antiviral immunity, and discuss the impact of the infected lung milieu on moulding the response of antiviral effector T cells. Recent findings on the mechanisms that underlie the increased frequency of severe pulmonary bacterial infections following respiratory virus infection are also discussed.
近年来，我们对下呼吸道病毒感染免疫的理解有了一些进展，包括对流感病毒感染的理解。在这里，我们回顾了病毒的细胞靶标以及肺部特有的宿主免疫反应的特征。我们描述了固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞在诱导、表达和控制抗病毒免疫中的相互作用，并讨论了受感染的肺部环境对塑造抗病毒效应 T 细胞反应的影响。还讨论了呼吸道病毒感染后肺部细菌性感染加重的潜在机制。
