Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
J Gastroenterol. 2012 Apr;47(4):351-8. doi: 10.1007/s00535-012-0565-4. Epub 2012 Mar 9.
The biological characteristics of cancers depend mostly on genetic alterations in the cancer cells of individuals. Gastric cancers show a high frequency of DNA aneuploidy, a phenotype of chromosomal instability. Compared to diploid tumors, gastric carcinomas with aneuploidy have been shown to have high proliferative activity and high metastatic or invasive potential; these characteristics lead to a poor prognosis. It has been suggested that an abnormal spindle assembly checkpoint is involved in DNA aneuploidy, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This review, in order to determine whether gastric carcinomas that display aneuploidy are associated with a poorer prognosis than diploid tumors, and to discuss the biological mechanisms that induce aneuploidy, summarizes the results of studies on DNA ploidy in gastric cancer published in the English literature. Analysis of DNA ploidy in gastric cancer may provide clinically useful information from diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic standpoints. Further investigations may be needed to clarify the relationship between chromosome instability and DNA ploidy.
癌症的生物学特征主要取决于个体癌细胞中的遗传改变。胃癌表现出高频的 DNA 非整倍体，这是染色体不稳定性的表型。与二倍体肿瘤相比，具有非整倍体的胃癌具有高增殖活性和高转移或侵袭潜能；这些特征导致预后不良。有人提出，异常纺锤体组装检查点参与 DNA 非整倍体，但潜在机制尚不清楚。本综述旨在确定显示非整倍体的胃癌是否比二倍体肿瘤预后更差，并讨论诱导非整倍体的生物学机制，总结了在英文文献中发表的关于胃癌 DNA 倍性的研究结果。分析胃癌的 DNA 倍性可能从诊断、治疗和预后的角度提供临床有用的信息。需要进一步的研究来阐明染色体不稳定性和 DNA 倍性之间的关系。
