Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montreal, PO Box 6128, Succ, Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
Behav Brain Funct. 2012 Mar 9;8:12. doi: 10.1186/1744-9081-8-12.
Tardive dyskinesia remains an elusive and significant clinical entity that can possibly be understood via experimentation with animal models. We conducted a literature review on tardive dyskinesia modeling. Subchronic antipsychotic drug exposure is a standard approach to model tardive dyskinesia in rodents. Vacuous chewing movements constitute the most common pattern of expression of purposeless oral movements and represent an impermanent response, with individual and strain susceptibility differences. Transgenic mice are also used to address the contribution of adaptive and maladaptive signals induced during antipsychotic drug exposure. An emphasis on non-human primate modeling is proposed, and past experimental observations reviewed in various monkey species. Rodent and primate models are complementary, but the non-human primate model appears more convincingly similar to the human condition and better suited to address therapeutic issues against tardive dyskinesia.
迟发性运动障碍仍然是一种难以捉摸且意义重大的临床病症，通过动物模型实验可能有助于理解。我们对迟发性运动障碍建模进行了文献回顾。亚慢性抗精神病药物暴露是在啮齿动物中模拟迟发性运动障碍的标准方法。空嚼运动构成了无目的口腔运动表达最常见的模式，代表了一种暂时的反应，存在个体和品系易感性差异。转基因小鼠也被用于解决抗精神病药物暴露过程中适应性和失调性信号的贡献。本文强调了非人类灵长类动物模型的重要性，并回顾了各种猴子物种中的过去实验观察结果。啮齿动物和灵长类动物模型是互补的，但非人类灵长类动物模型似乎更能令人信服地模拟人类疾病状况，更适合解决迟发性运动障碍的治疗问题。
