School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2012 Feb;105(2):99-113. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2011.10.006. Epub 2012 Feb 14.
Hypertension is becoming an important health problem in many countries. The 'small baby syndrome hypothesis' suggests that an inverse linear relationship exists between birth weight and later risk of hypertension; however, this relationship is under debate. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the association between birth weight and subsequent blood pressure. Among 78 studies reporting on the association between birth weight and subsequent blood pressure, 20 articles (reporting 27 original studies) were eligible for inclusion. Low birth weight (< 2500 g) compared with birth weight greater than 2500 g was associated with an increased risk of hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13, 1.30); high birth weight (> 4000 g) compared with birth weight less than 4000 g was associated with a decreased risk of hypertension (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.71, 0.86). When low birth weight (< 2500 g) was compared with birth weight greater than 2500 g, mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) increased by 2.28 mmHg (95% CI 1.24, 3.33); when high birth weight (> 4000 g) was compared with birth weight less than 4000 g, mean SBP decreased by 2.08 mmHg (95% CI -2.98, -1.17). These findings indicate that there is an inverse linear association between birth weight and later risk of hypertension, and that this association primarily exists between birth weight and SBP.
高血压在许多国家正成为一个重要的健康问题。“小婴儿综合征假说”表明，出生体重与后期高血压风险之间存在负线性关系；然而，这种关系存在争议。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以检验出生体重与随后血压之间的关系。在 78 项报告出生体重与随后血压之间关系的研究中，有 20 篇文章（报告了 27 项原始研究）符合纳入标准。与出生体重大于 2500 克相比，低出生体重（<2500 克）与高血压风险增加相关（比值比 [OR] 1.21；95%置信区间 [CI] 1.13, 1.30）；与出生体重小于 4000 克相比，高出生体重（>4000 克）与高血压风险降低相关（OR 0.78；95% CI 0.71, 0.86）。与出生体重大于 2500 克相比，低出生体重（<2500 克）时平均收缩压（SBP）增加 2.28mmHg（95%CI 1.24, 3.33）；与出生体重小于 4000 克相比，高出生体重（>4000 克）时平均 SBP 降低 2.08mmHg（95%CI -2.98, -1.17）。这些发现表明，出生体重与后期高血压风险之间存在负线性关系，这种关系主要存在于出生体重与 SBP 之间。
