School of Psychological Science, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2012 May;97(4):380-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2012.02.009. Epub 2012 Mar 7.
Memantine is a non-competitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that has been approved for the treatment of the cognitive deficits noted in Alzheimer's disease. While there is a body of research that supports memantine's facilitative action upon memory compromise, this series of studies aimed to investigate the effects of this drug in healthy animals with intact memory functioning. A 0.1 mM dose of memantine injected immediately after a weakly aversive training event (i.e. 20% v/v methyl anthranilate) was found to enhance passive avoidance learning for this event in day-old chicks up to 24 h following training. The same dose of memantine was also observed to enhance memory for the training event when it was administered in conjunction with a reminder trial. These results suggest that memantine is capable of facilitating both memory consolidation as well as memory reconsolidation. It was concluded that memantine's mechanism may involve the short-term or intermediate memory phases of the Gibbs and Ng model of memory, and that the current findings represent enhancement of intact memory, rather than amelioration of memory compromise.
美金刚是一种非竞争性 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂，已被批准用于治疗阿尔茨海默病患者的认知障碍。虽然有大量研究支持美金刚对记忆损伤的改善作用，但这一系列研究旨在调查这种药物对记忆功能正常的健康动物的影响。研究发现，在轻度厌恶训练事件（即 20%v/v 甲基蒽兰）后立即注射 0.1mM 的美金刚，可增强新生小鸡在训练后 24 小时内对该事件的被动回避学习。当与提示试验一起给予相同剂量的美金刚时，也观察到对训练事件的记忆增强。这些结果表明，美金刚能够促进记忆的巩固和再巩固。研究得出结论，美金刚的作用机制可能涉及 Gibbs 和 Ng 记忆模型的短期或中期记忆阶段，并且目前的研究结果代表了对完整记忆的增强，而不是对记忆损伤的改善。
